Nov 6, 2022 · In the business world, writing a problem statement is often the first step in kicking off an improvement project. In this case, the problem statement is usually a stand-alone document. In academic research, writing a problem statement can help you contextualize and understand the significance of your research problem. ... Here are some common situations where writing problem statements might come in handy: Writing an executive summary for a project proposal or research project; Collaborating on a cross-functional project with several team members; Defining the customer issue that a proposed product or service aims to solve; Using design thinking to improve user ... ... Mar 25, 2024 · Problem Statement. A problem statement identifies the gap between the current situation and the desired outcome, highlighting why the problem matters. It is typically included in research proposals, project plans, or academic theses, guiding the scope and purpose of the study. For example: In a study on online education, the problem statement ... ... Jul 4, 2024 · A problem statement is like the foundation of your research project. It’s where you explain what issue you’re tackling and why it matters. Think of it as the “why” behind your research. By the end of this post, you’ll have a clear idea of how to craft a strong problem statement that will set your research proposal on the right track. ... Apr 5, 2024 · Here is an example of how to structure the problem statement: Currently, [describe the issue in measurable terms], compared to our target of [describe the ideal state in measurable terms], which we aim to achieve by [state the target date]. Problem Statement Do’s and Don’ts. Crafting a precise problem statement can be challenging. ... How to Write an Effective Problem Statement. Writing an effective problem statement is crucial for any project, research, or initiative because it sets the stage for addressing the issue at hand. A well-crafted problem statement clarifies the problem, provides context, and serves as a guide for developing and implementing solutions. Here are ... ... An effective problem statement sets up the rest of the research inquiry and ensures a rigorous research process. Let's look at each of the particular stages of research influenced by problem statements. Research question. The problem statement identifies the gaps in knowledge that existing scholarship has yet to address. ... May 3, 2022 · Step 4. Show Research Objectives in Your Problem Statement. A statement of the problem in research paper should provide full description of your aim and objectives. The aim is typically not only about finding some solution. It examines the factors causing the issues and sets the research strategy. The following objectives can be used: ... Feb 13, 2024 · Steps to Writing an Effective Problem Statement. Creating a problem statement that is clear, concise, and actionable is crucial for guiding the direction of your project or research. Follow these steps to craft an effective problem statement: 1. Identify the Problem ... Jul 13, 2023 · What Does a Research Problem Statement Include? A research problem statement typically includes the following elements: 1. The research topic: The general area of interest or field of study that the research project addresses. 2. The specific problem or issue: A clear and concise statement of the problem or issue that the research project aims ... ... ">

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3 Problem statement examples and steps to write your own

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We’ve all encountered problems on the job. After all, that’s what a lot of work is about. Solving meaningful problems to help improve something. 

Developing a problem statement that provides a brief description of an issue you want to solve is an important early step in problem-solving .

It sounds deceptively simple. But creating an effective problem statement isn’t that easy, even for a genius like Albert Einstein. Given one hour to work on a problem, he’d spend 55 minutes thinking about the problem and five minutes finding solutions. (Or so the story goes.)

Einstein was probably exaggerating to make a point. But considering his success in solving complex problems, we think he was on to something. 

As humans, we’re wired to jump past the problem and go directly to the solution stage. In emergencies, this behavior can be lifesaving, as in leaping out of the way of a speeding car. But when dealing with longer-range issues in the workplace, this can lead to bad decisions or half-baked solutions. 

That’s where problem statements come in handy. They help to meaningfully outline objectives to reach effective solutions. Knowing how to develop a great problem statement is also a valuable tool for honing your management skills .

But what exactly is a problem statement, when should you use one, and how do you go about writing one? In this article, we'll answer those questions and give you some tips for writing effective problem statements. Then you'll be ready to take on more challenges large and small.

What is a problem statement?

First, let’s start by defining a problem statement. 

A problem statement is a short, clear explanation of an issue or challenge that sums up what you want to change. It helps you, team members, and other stakeholders to focus on the problem, why it’s important, and who it impacts. 

A good problem statement should create awareness and stimulate creative thinking . It should not identify a solution or create a bias toward a specific strategy.

Taking time to work on a problem statement is a great way to short-circuit the tendency to rush to solutions. It helps to make sure you’re focusing on the right problem and have a well-informed understanding of the root causes. The process can also help you take a more proactive than reactive approach to problem-solving . This can help position you and your team to avoid getting stuck in constant fire-fighting mode. That way, you can take advantage of more growth opportunities.  

When to use a problem statement

The best time to create a problem statement is before you start thinking of solutions. If you catch yourself or your team rushing to the solution stage when you’re first discussing a problem, hit the brakes. Go back and work on the statement of the problem to make sure everyone understands and agrees on what the real problem is. 

Here are some common situations where writing problem statements might come in handy: 

  • Writing an executive summary for a project proposal or research project
  • Collaborating   on a cross-functional project with several team members
  • Defining the customer issue that a proposed product or service aims to solve
  • Using design thinking to improve user experience
  • Tackling a problem that previous actions failed to solve 

How to identify a problem statement

Like the unseen body of an iceberg, the root cause of a specific problem isn’t always obvious. So when developing a problem statement, how do you go about identifying the true, underlying problem?

These two steps will help you uncover the root cause of a problem :

  • Collect information from the research and previous experience with the problem
  • Talk to multiple stakeholders who are impacted by the problem

People often perceive problems differently. Interviewing stakeholders will help you understand the problem from diverse points of view. It can also help you develop some case studies to illustrate the problem. 

Combining these insights with research data will help you identify root causes more accurately. In turn, this methodology will help you craft a problem statement that will lead to more viable solutions. 

What are problem statements used for?

You can use problem statements for a variety of purposes. For an organization, it might be solving customer and employee issues. For the government, it could be improving public health. For individuals, it can mean enhancing their own personal well-being . Generally, problem statements can be used to:

  • Identify opportunities for improvement
  • Focus on the right problems or issues to launch more successful initiatives – a common challenge in leadership
  • Help you communicate a problem to others who need to be involved in finding a solution
  • Serve as the basis for developing an action plan or goals that need to be accomplished to help solve the problem
  • Stimulate thinking outside the box  and other types of creative brainstorming techniques

3 examples of problem statements

When you want to be sure you understand a concept or tool, it helps to see an example. There can also be some differences in opinion about what a problem statement should look like. For instance, some frameworks include a proposed solution as part of the problem statement. But if the goal is to stimulate fresh ideas, it’s better not to suggest a solution within the problem statement. 

In our experience, an effective problem statement is brief, preferably one sentence. It’s also specific and descriptive without being prescriptive. 

Here are three problem statement examples. While these examples represent three types of problems or goals, keep in mind that there can be many other types of problem statements.        

Example Problem Statement 1: The Status Quo Problem Statement

Example: 

The average customer service on-hold time for Example company exceeds five minutes during both its busy and slow seasons.

This can be used to describe a current pain point within an organization that may need to be addressed. Note that the statement specifies that the issue occurs during the company’s slow time as well as the busy season. This is helpful in performing the root cause analysis and determining how this problem can be solved. 

The average customer service on-hold time for Example company exceeds five minutes during both its busy and slow seasons. The company is currently understaffed and customer service representatives are overwhelmed.

Background:

Example company is facing a significant challenge in managing their customer service on-hold times. In the past, the company had been known for its efficient and timely customer service, but due to a combination of factors, including understaffing and increased customer demand, the on-hold times have exceeded five minutes consistently. This has resulted in frustration and dissatisfaction among customers, negatively impacting the company's reputation and customer loyalty.

Reducing the on-hold times for customer service callers is crucial for Example company. Prolonged waiting times have a detrimental effect on customer satisfaction and loyalty, leading to potential customer churn and loss of revenue. Additionally, the company's declining reputation in terms of customer service can have a lasting impact on its competitive position in the market. Addressing this problem is of utmost importance to improve customer experience and maintain a positive brand image.

Objectives:

The primary objective of this project is to reduce the on-hold times for customer service callers at Example company. The specific objectives include:

  • Analyzing the current customer service workflow and identifying bottlenecks contributing to increased on-hold times.
  • Assessing the staffing levels and resource allocation to determine the extent of understaffing and its impact on customer service.
  • Developing strategies and implementing measures to optimize the customer service workflow and reduce on-hold times.
  • Monitoring and evaluating the effectiveness of the implemented measures through key performance indicators (KPIs) such as average on-hold time, customer satisfaction ratings, and customer feedback.
  • Establishing a sustainable approach to maintain reduced on-hold times, taking into account both busy and slow seasons, through proper resource planning, training, and process improvements.

Example Problem Statement 2: The Destination Problem Statement

Leaders at Example company want to increase net revenue for its premium product line of widgets by 5% for the next fiscal year. 

This approach can be used to describe where an organization wants to be in the future. This type of problem statement is useful for launching initiatives to help an organization achieve its desired state. 

Like creating SMART goals , you want to be as specific as possible. Note that the statement specifies “net revenue” instead of “gross revenue." This will help keep options open for potential actions. It also makes it clear that merely increasing sales is not an acceptable solution if higher marketing costs offset the net gains. 

Leaders at Example company aim to increase net revenue for its premium product line of widgets by 5% for the next fiscal year. However, the company currently lacks the necessary teams to tackle this objective effectively. To achieve this growth target, the company needs to expand its marketing and PR teams, as well as its product development teams, to prepare for scaling. 

Example company faces the challenge of generating a 5% increase in net revenue for its premium product line of widgets in the upcoming fiscal year. Currently, the company lacks the required workforce to drive this growth. Without adequate staff in the marketing, PR, and product development departments, the company's ability to effectively promote, position, and innovate its premium product line will be hindered. To achieve this kind of growth, it is essential that Example company expands teams, enhances capabilities, and strategically taps into the existing pool of loyal customers.

Increasing net revenue for the premium product line is crucial for Example company's overall business success. Failure to achieve the targeted growth rate can lead to missed revenue opportunities and stagnation in the market. By expanding the marketing and PR teams, Example company can strengthen its brand presence, effectively communicate the value proposition of its premium product line, and attract new customers.

Additionally, expanding the product development teams will enable the company to introduce new features and innovations, further enticing existing and potential customers. Therefore, addressing the workforce shortage and investing in the necessary resources are vital for achieving the revenue growth objective.

The primary objective of this project is to increase net revenue for Example company's premium product line of widgets by 5% in the next fiscal year. The specific objectives include:

  • Assessing the current workforce and identifying the gaps in the marketing, PR, and product development teams.
  • Expanding the marketing and PR teams by hiring skilled professionals who can effectively promote the premium product line and engage with the target audience.
  • Strengthening the product development teams by recruiting qualified individuals who can drive innovation, enhance product features, and meet customer demands.
  • Developing a comprehensive marketing and PR strategy to effectively communicate the value proposition of the premium product line and attract new customers.
  • Leveraging the existing base of loyal customers to increase repeat purchases, referrals, and brand advocacy.
  • Allocating sufficient resources, both time and manpower, to support the expansion and scaling efforts required to achieve the ambitious revenue growth target.
  • Monitoring and analyzing key performance indicators (KPIs) such as net revenue, customer acquisition, customer retention, and customer satisfaction to measure the success of the growth initiatives.
  • Establishing a sustainable plan to maintain the increased revenue growth beyond the next fiscal year by implementing strategies for continuous improvement and adaptation to market dynamics.

Example Problem Statement 3 The Stakeholder Problem Statement

In the last three quarterly employee engagement surveys , less than 30% of employees at Eample company stated that they feel valued by the company. This represents a 20% decline compared to the same period in the year prior. 

This strategy can be used to describe how a specific stakeholder group views the organization. It can be useful for exploring issues and potential solutions that impact specific groups of people. 

Note the statement makes it clear that the issue has been present in multiple surveys and it's significantly worse than the previous year. When researching root causes, the HR team will want to zero in on factors that changed since the previous year.

In the last three quarterly employee engagement surveys, less than 30% of employees at the Example company stated that they feel valued by the company. This indicates a significant decline of 20% compared to the same period in the previous year.

The company aspires to reduce this percentage further to under 10%. However, achieving this goal would require filling specialized roles and implementing substantial cultural changes within the organization.

Example company is facing a pressing issue regarding employee engagement and perceived value within the company. Over the past year, there has been a notable decline in the percentage of employees who feel valued. This decline is evident in the results of the quarterly employee engagement surveys, which consistently show less than 30% of employees reporting a sense of value by the company.

This decline of 20% compared to the previous year's data signifies a concerning trend. To address this problem effectively, Example company needs to undertake significant measures that go beyond superficial changes and necessitate filling specialized roles and transforming the company culture.

Employee engagement and a sense of value are crucial for organizational success. When employees feel valued, they tend to be more productive, committed, and motivated. Conversely, a lack of perceived value can lead to decreased morale, increased turnover rates, and diminished overall performance.

By addressing the decline in employees feeling valued, Example company can improve employee satisfaction, retention, and ultimately, overall productivity. Achieving the desired reduction to under 10% is essential to restore a positive work environment and build a culture of appreciation and respect.

The primary objective of this project is to increase the percentage of employees who feel valued by Example company, aiming to reduce it to under 10%. The specific objectives include:

  • Conducting a comprehensive analysis of the factors contributing to the decline in employees feeling valued, including organizational policies, communication practices, leadership styles, and cultural norms.
  • Identifying and filling specialized roles, such as employee engagement specialists or culture change agents, who can provide expertise and guidance in fostering a culture of value and appreciation.
  • Developing a holistic employee engagement strategy that encompasses various initiatives, including training programs, recognition programs, feedback mechanisms, and communication channels, to enhance employee value perception.
  • Implementing cultural changes within the organization that align with the values of appreciation, respect, and recognition, while fostering an environment where employees feel valued.
  • Communicating the importance of employee value and engagement throughout all levels of the organization, including leadership teams, managers, and supervisors, to ensure consistent messaging and support.
  • Monitoring progress through regular employee surveys, feedback sessions, and key performance indicators (KPIs) related to employee satisfaction, turnover rates, and overall engagement levels.
  • Providing ongoing support, resources, and training to managers and supervisors to enable them to effectively recognize and appreciate their teams and foster a culture of value within their respective departments.
  • Establishing a sustainable framework for maintaining high employee value perception in the long term, including regular evaluation and adaptation of employee engagement initiatives to address evolving needs and expectations.

problem-statement-man-with-arms-crossed-smiling

What are the 5 components of a problem statement?

In developing a problem statement, it helps to think like a journalist by focusing on the five Ws: who, what, when, where, and why or how. Keep in mind that every statement may not explicitly include each component. But asking these questions is a good way to make sure you’re covering the key elements:

  • Who: Who are the stakeholders that are affected by the problem?
  • What: What is the current state, desired state, or unmet need? 
  • When: When is the issue occurring or what is the timeframe involved?
  • Where: Where is the problem occurring? For example, is it in a specific department, location, or region?
  • Why: Why is this important or worth solving? How is the problem impacting your customers, employees, other stakeholders, or the organization? What is the magnitude of the problem? How large is the gap between the current and desired state? 

How do you write a problem statement?

There are many frameworks designed to help people write a problem statement. One example is outlined in the book, The Conclusion Trap: Four Steps to Better Decisions, ” by Daniel Markovitz. A faculty member at the Lean Enterprise Institute, the author uses many case studies from his work as a business consultant.

To simplify the process, we’ve broken it down into three steps:

1. Gather data and observe

Use data from research and reports, as well as facts from direct observation to answer the five Ws: who, what, when, where, and why. 

Whenever possible, get out in the field and talk directly with stakeholders impacted by the problem. Get a firsthand look at the work environment and equipment. This may mean spending time on the production floor asking employees questions about their work and challenges. Or taking customer service calls to learn more about customer pain points and problems your employees may be grappling with.    

2. Frame the problem properly  

A well-framed problem will help you avoid cognitive bias and open avenues for discussion. It will also encourage the exploration of more options.

A good way to test a problem statement for bias is to ask questions like these:

3. Keep asking why (and check in on the progress)

When it comes to problem-solving, stay curious. Lean on your growth mindset to keep asking why — and check in on the progress. 

Asking why until you’re satisfied that you’ve uncovered the root cause of the problem will help you avoid ineffective band-aid solutions.

What to avoid when writing a problem statement

When crafting a problem statement, it's essential to communicate the issue clearly and effectively. A well-formulated problem statement sets the stage for understanding and addressing the challenge at hand. However, there are common pitfalls that can undermine its clarity and purpose. Here's what you should avoid:

  • Vagueness : Be specific about the problem and its context.
  • Complexity : Keep the language simple and direct.
  • Overgeneralization : Avoid broad statements that don’t address specific issues.
  • Assumptions : Don’t presume solutions or causes without evidence.
  • Jargon : Use clear, accessible language that can be understood by all stakeholders.

Refining your problem statements

When solving any sort of problem, there’s likely a slew of questions that might arise for you. In order to holistically understand the root cause of the problem at hand, your workforce needs to stay curious. 

An effective problem statement creates the space you and your team need to explore, gain insight, and get buy-in before taking action.

If you have embarked on a proposed solution, it’s also important to understand that solutions are malleable. There may be no single best solution. Solutions can change and adapt as external factors change, too. It’s more important than ever that organizations stay agile . This means that interactive check-ins are critical to solving tough problems. By keeping a good pulse on your course of action, you’ll be better equipped to pivot when the time comes to change. 

BetterUp can help. With access to virtual coaching , your people can get personalized support to help solve tough problems of the future.

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Madeline Miles

Madeline is a writer, communicator, and storyteller who is passionate about using words to help drive positive change. She holds a bachelor's in English Creative Writing and Communication Studies and lives in Denver, Colorado. In her spare time, she's usually somewhere outside (preferably in the mountains) — and enjoys poetry and fiction.

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Research Method

Home » Problem Statement – Writing Guide, Examples and Types

Problem Statement – Writing Guide, Examples and Types

Table of Contents

A problem statement is a concise description of the issue or challenge that a research project or initiative aims to address. It defines the problem in clear terms and establishes its significance, providing a foundation for developing objectives, methodologies, and potential solutions. Writing a well-defined problem statement is crucial for setting the direction of research and ensuring its relevance.

This article explores the definition, types, and examples of problem statements, along with a step-by-step guide to writing an effective one.

Problem Statement

Problem Statement

A problem statement identifies the gap between the current situation and the desired outcome, highlighting why the problem matters. It is typically included in research proposals, project plans, or academic theses, guiding the scope and purpose of the study.

For example: In a study on online education, the problem statement might be:

“Despite the growing popularity of online education, student engagement and retention rates remain significantly lower compared to traditional classroom settings.”

Importance of a Problem Statement

  • Focuses the Research: Clearly defines the issue to be investigated.
  • Highlights Significance: Demonstrates why the problem is important to address.
  • Aligns Objectives: Ensures the research goals are connected to real-world challenges.
  • Guides Methodology: Shapes the design and approach of the study.
  • Supports Decision-Making: Helps stakeholders understand the context and urgency of the issue.

Types of Problem Statements

1. academic problem statements.

  • Purpose: Used in research papers or theses to identify gaps in knowledge or unresolved issues.
  • “While many studies have explored the psychological effects of social media on teenagers, limited research exists on its impact on their critical thinking skills.”

2. Business Problem Statements

  • Purpose: Defines operational, financial, or strategic issues within an organization.
  • “The company has experienced a 25% decline in customer retention over the past year due to outdated customer engagement strategies.”

3. Social or Policy Problem Statements

  • Purpose: Focuses on societal challenges, policies, or public issues.
  • “The lack of affordable housing in urban areas has resulted in increased homelessness and economic inequality.”

4. Technical Problem Statements

  • Purpose: Identifies challenges related to technological development or implementation.
  • “The current software application fails to handle large-scale data processing efficiently, leading to delays in analysis.”

Elements of a Problem Statement

  • Example: “Remote work has become the norm for many businesses in the post-pandemic era.”
  • Example: “However, teams often struggle to maintain effective communication and collaboration in virtual settings.”
  • Example: “This can lead to reduced productivity, lower employee satisfaction, and missed deadlines.”
  • Example: “Implementing better communication tools and strategies can enhance team dynamics and improve performance.”

Steps to Write a Problem Statement

1. identify the problem.

  • Pinpoint the issue or gap that requires attention.
  • Use specific data or observations to support the claim.
  • Example: “Customer complaints about delayed deliveries have increased by 40% in the past six months.”

2. Understand the Context

  • Gather background information to provide context.
  • Example: “The delays are primarily caused by inefficiencies in the warehouse inventory system.”

3. Define the Impact

  • Highlight how the problem affects stakeholders, such as individuals, organizations, or communities.
  • Example: “This has resulted in decreased customer satisfaction and a potential loss of market share.”

4. Propose the Ideal Solution

  • Describe what the situation would look like if the problem were resolved.
  • Example: “Upgrading the inventory management software can streamline operations and ensure timely deliveries.”

5. Keep It Concise and Clear

  • Avoid jargon and excessive details.
  • Aim for 4–5 sentences that succinctly convey the problem and its significance.

Examples of Problem Statements

Academic example.

  • Topic: Online Learning and Student Engagement
  • Problem Statement: “Despite the rapid adoption of online education, recent studies indicate that 45% of students report difficulty staying engaged during virtual classes. This lack of engagement can negatively affect learning outcomes and overall satisfaction. Identifying effective strategies for improving engagement in online environments is critical to ensuring the success of digital learning platforms.”

Business Example

  • Topic: Decline in Sales Revenue
  • Problem Statement: “Over the past year, the company’s sales revenue has decreased by 15%, primarily due to outdated marketing strategies and limited digital presence. This decline has affected profitability and market competitiveness. Modernizing the marketing approach and expanding the company’s online visibility can help address this issue.”

Social Example

  • Topic: Environmental Pollution
  • Problem Statement: “Urban areas are experiencing increased air pollution levels, with particulate matter concentrations exceeding safe limits in 70% of major cities. This poses severe health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations. Developing and implementing stricter emission regulations and promoting sustainable practices are essential steps to mitigate this crisis.”

Common Mistakes to Avoid

  • ❌ “There are issues with our website.”
  • ✅ “The website’s slow loading times lead to a 20% drop in customer retention rates.”
  • ❌ “We need to implement AI tools to improve productivity.”
  • ✅ “Current manual data entry processes result in errors and inefficiencies, causing delays in project completion.”
  • Ignoring the Stakeholders: Highlight how the problem impacts people or organizations.
  • Lack of Evidence: Use data, statistics, or observations to support the existence of the problem.

Tips for Writing an Effective Problem Statement

  • Use Data: Support your statement with quantitative or qualitative evidence.
  • Focus on Relevance: Address a problem that is meaningful to your audience.
  • Keep It Objective: Avoid emotional language or personal opinions.
  • Review and Revise: Ensure clarity, conciseness, and alignment with the research objectives.

A well-written problem statement is a crucial element of any research or project. It provides clarity, establishes significance, and sets the stage for effective problem-solving. By understanding the types, structure, and examples outlined in this guide, researchers and professionals can craft problem statements that effectively communicate the core issues and their importance.

  • Creswell, J. W. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches . Sage Publications.
  • Bryman, A. (2015). Social Research Methods . Oxford University Press.
  • Babbie, E. R. (2020). The Practice of Social Research . Cengage Learning.
  • Kumar, R. (2019). Research Methodology: A Step-by-Step Guide for Beginners . Sage Publications.
  • Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2019). Research Methods for Business Students . Pearson.

About the author

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Researcher, Academic Writer, Web developer

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How to Write a Problem Statement for Your Research Proposal

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Hey there, fellow students! Are you feeling a bit lost when it comes to writing a problem statement for your research proposal? Don’t worry, you’re not alone.

Many of us have been there, staring at a blank page and wondering where to start. But fear not! This guide will walk you through the process step by step, using easy-to-understand language and plenty of examples.

A problem statement is like the foundation of your research project. It’s where you explain what issue you’re tackling and why it matters. Think of it as the “why” behind your research. By the end of this post, you’ll have a clear idea of how to craft a strong problem statement that will set your research proposal on the right track.

What You'll Learn

What Is a Problem Statement?

Before we dive into the nitty-gritty, let’s break down what a problem statement actually is.

A problem statement is a clear, concise description of the issue that your research aims to address. It’s typically a short paragraph or two that outlines:

  • What the problem is
  • Who it affects
  • Why it’s important to solve
  • What might happen if it’s not addressed

Think of it as the “movie trailer” for your research. It should grab attention and make people want to know more about your project.

Example: Imagine you’re researching the impact of social media on college students’ mental health. Your problem statement might start like this:

“The increasing use of social media among college students has been linked to rising rates of anxiety and depression. Despite this concerning trend, many universities lack comprehensive strategies to address the negative effects of social media on student well-being. Without intervention, students may continue to struggle with mental health issues, potentially impacting their academic performance and overall quality of life.”

See how that sets the stage? It identifies the problem, who it affects, why it matters, and what could happen if it’s not addressed.

Why Is a Problem Statement Important?

You might be wondering, “Why do I need to spend so much time on this? Can’t I just jump into my research?” Well, here’s why a solid problem statement is crucial:

  • It focuses your research: A good problem statement helps you stay on track and avoid getting sidetracked by interesting but irrelevant topics.
  • It justifies your work: It shows why your research is necessary and valuable.
  • It guides your methodology: Understanding the problem helps you choose the best methods to investigate it.
  • It helps you communicate your research: A clear problem statement makes it easier to explain your project to others, including your professors and peers.
  • It sets the foundation for your hypothesis: Once you’ve identified the problem, you can start thinking about potential solutions or explanations.

Key Components of a Strong Problem Statement

Now that we know what a problem statement is and why it’s important, let’s break down the essential parts that make it up. A strong problem statement typically includes the following components:

1. Background Information

This is where you set the scene. Provide some context about the issue you’re addressing. What’s the current situation? Has this been a long-standing problem, or is it a new development?

Example: “Over the past decade, social media use has skyrocketed among college students, with 90% reporting daily use of at least one platform.”

2. The Specific Problem

Here’s where you clearly state what the issue is. Be as specific as possible.

Example: “Recent studies have shown a strong correlation between increased social media use and higher rates of anxiety and depression among college students.”

3. Relevance

Explain why this problem matters. Who does it affect? What are the consequences if it’s not addressed?

Example: “This trend is particularly concerning for college students, as mental health issues can significantly impact academic performance, social relationships, and overall well-being.”

4. Objectives

What do you hope to achieve with your research? What questions are you trying to answer?

Example: “This study aims to investigate the specific aspects of social media use that contribute most to negative mental health outcomes among college students, with the goal of developing targeted interventions.”

5. A Call to Action

Suggest what needs to be done to address the problem or what your research will contribute to solving it.

Example: “By understanding the relationship between social media use and mental health, we can develop more effective strategies to support student well-being and create healthier digital habits.”

Steps to Write an Effective Problem Statement

Now that we know what goes into a problem statement, let’s walk through the process of creating one, step by step.

Step 1: Identify the Problem

The first step is to clearly identify what problem you want to address. Ask yourself:

  • What issue have you noticed?
  • What doesn’t work as well as it should?
  • What needs improvement?

To help you identify the problem, try these techniques:

  • Observe your surroundings and take note of issues you see
  • Talk to people who might be affected by the problem
  • Read current research in your field to spot gaps or unanswered questions

Example: Let’s say you’ve noticed that many of your classmates seem stressed and anxious, and you’ve heard them talk about feeling pressured to maintain a perfect image on social media. This observation could lead you to investigate the relationship between social media use and mental health among college students.

Step 2: Do Some Initial Research

Once you’ve identified a potential problem, it’s time to dig deeper. Look for existing information about the issue. This will help you understand the context and ensure your research will contribute something new.

  • Search academic databases for relevant studies
  • Look for statistics that highlight the problem
  • Check if there are any recent news articles about the issue

Example: In researching social media and mental health, you might find statistics showing increased rates of anxiety and depression among college students over the past decade, correlating with the rise of social media use. You might also find studies suggesting links between social media use and poor sleep habits, another factor in mental health.

Step 3: Specify the Problem

Now that you have some background information, you can narrow down and specify the exact problem you want to address. Be as clear and concise as possible.

Example: “The problem is that increased social media use among college students is correlated with higher rates of anxiety and depression , yet the specific mechanisms of this relationship are not well understood.”

Step 4: Show Why It’s Important

Explain why this problem matters. Who does it affect? What are the consequences if it’s not addressed? This helps justify why your research is necessary.

Example: “This issue affects millions of college students across the country. Poor mental health can lead to decreased academic performance, strained relationships, and in severe cases, can contribute to dropout rates or even suicidal thoughts. Understanding this problem is crucial for developing effective interventions to support student well-being.”

Step 5: Suggest the Consequences of Inaction

What might happen if this problem isn’t addressed? This helps emphasize the urgency and importance of your research.

Example: “If left unaddressed, the negative impact of social media on student mental health could lead to a continued rise in anxiety and depression rates among college students. This could result in increased dropout rates, lower academic achievement, and a generation of young adults ill-equipped to handle the stresses of post-college life.”

Step 6: Outline Your Objectives

What do you hope to achieve with your research? What questions do you want to answer?

Example: “This study aims to:

  • Identify which aspects of social media use are most strongly correlated with negative mental health outcomes among college students.
  • Understand the mechanisms by which social media use impacts mental health.
  • Develop recommendations for healthier social media habits and potential interventions to support student well-being.”

Step 7: Provide a Call to Action

Example: “By gaining a deeper understanding of how social media impacts student mental health, this research will provide valuable insights for developing targeted interventions. These could include educational programs on healthy social media use, changes to university policies, or the development of new support services for students struggling with social media-related mental health issues.”

Step 8: Put It All Together

Now that you have all the pieces, it’s time to put them together into a cohesive problem statement. Aim for a paragraph or two that flows logically from the problem to its importance to your proposed solution.

Example: “Over the past decade, social media use has become ubiquitous among college students, with 90% reporting daily use of at least one platform. Concurrent with this trend, rates of anxiety and depression among college students have risen dramatically. Recent studies suggest a strong correlation between increased social media use and poor mental health outcomes, yet the specific mechanisms of this relationship are not well understood.

This issue affects millions of college students across the country, potentially leading to decreased academic performance, strained relationships, and in severe cases, contributing to dropout rates or even suicidal thoughts. If left unaddressed, the negative impact of social media on student mental health could result in a continued rise in mental health issues, lower academic achievement, and a generation of young adults ill-equipped to handle the stresses of post-college life.

This study aims to identify which aspects of social media use are most strongly correlated with negative mental health outcomes, understand the mechanisms by which social media use impacts mental health, and develop recommendations for healthier social media habits. By gaining a deeper understanding of this issue, this research will provide valuable insights for developing targeted interventions, such as educational programs on healthy social media use, changes to university policies, or new support services for students struggling with social media-related mental health issues.”

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Even with a step-by-step guide, it’s easy to stumble when writing a problem statement. Here are some common mistakes to watch out for:

1. Being Too Vague

One of the biggest pitfalls is not being specific enough about your problem. Avoid general statements like “Social media is bad for students.” Instead, be precise: “Daily use of social media for more than three hours is correlated with increased rates of anxiety and depression among college students.”

2. Making Unsupported Claims

Make sure any claims you make are backed up by evidence. If you say that social media use is increasing among students, have the stats to back it up.

3. Focusing on Solutions Instead of the Problem

Remember, this is a problem statement, not a solution statement. Focus on clearly defining the issue rather than jumping to how you’ll solve it.

4. Being Too Narrow or Too Broad

Strike a balance between being specific and keeping your research manageable. “The impact of social media on all aspects of human life” is too broad, while “The effect of Instagram likes on the self-esteem of 19-year-old female psychology majors at XYZ University” might be too narrow.

5. Using Jargon or Overly Complex Language

Remember your audience. If other students or non-experts in your field will read your proposal , keep your language clear and accessible.

6. Neglecting the “So What?” Factor

Always make it clear why your problem matters. What are the real-world implications?

7. Ignoring Existing Research

Your problem statement should show awareness of what’s already known about the issue. Don’t present a problem as if no one has ever thought about it before (unless it truly is a brand new issue).

Tips for Polishing Your Problem Statement

Now that you’ve crafted your problem statement, here are some tips to make it shine:

1. Keep It Concise

Aim for one or two paragraphs. If you find yourself writing a novel, you’re probably including too much detail.

2. Use Clear, Direct Language

Avoid flowery or overly academic language. Your goal is to communicate clearly, not to impress with big words.

3. Get Feedback

Share your problem statement with classmates, tutors, or your professor. Fresh eyes can often spot issues you’ve missed or suggest improvements.

4. Revise and Refine

Don’t expect to nail it on the first try. Write a draft, step away from it, then come back and revise. Repeat this process until you’re satisfied.

5. Ensure Logical Flow

Make sure your problem statement flows logically from the problem to its significance to your research objectives.

6. Check for Consistency

Ensure that your problem statement aligns with the rest of your research proposal. The problem you outline should clearly connect to your research questions, methodology, and expected outcomes.

7. Use Active Voice

Active voice makes your writing more direct and engaging. Instead of “The effects of social media on mental health will be studied,” write “This study will investigate the effects of social media on mental health.”

Examples of Problem Statements in Different Fields

To help you get a better idea of how problem statements can vary across different fields of study, let’s look at a few examples:

Problem: “Despite significant advancements in cancer treatments, pancreatic cancer continues to have one of the lowest survival rates of any cancer type. Current diagnostic methods often detect the disease only in its late stages, severely limiting treatment options. This study aims to identify early biomarkers for pancreatic cancer, potentially leading to earlier detection and improved patient outcomes.”

Computer Science

Problem: “As artificial intelligence becomes more prevalent in decision-making processes, concerns about algorithmic bias have increased. Studies have shown that AI systems can perpetuate and even amplify existing societal biases, particularly in areas like hiring, lending, and criminal justice. This research seeks to develop new methods for detecting and mitigating bias in machine learning algorithms, with the goal of creating more fair and equitable AI systems.”

Problem: “The COVID-19 pandemic forced a rapid shift to online learning, revealing significant disparities in digital access and literacy among students. Many students, particularly those from low-income backgrounds, struggled to participate fully in remote education due to lack of devices, reliable internet, or necessary digital skills. This study aims to assess the long-term impacts of these disparities on student achievement and develop strategies for creating more equitable digital learning environments.”

Problem: “Recent studies have indicated a rise in loneliness and social isolation among young adults, despite increased connectivity through technology. This trend has been associated with higher rates of depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues. However, the specific factors contributing to this paradox of connectivity and loneliness are not well understood. This research seeks to investigate the relationship between different types of technology use and feelings of social connection among young adults, with the goal of identifying protective factors against loneliness in the digital age.”

Environmental Science

Problem: “Microplastic pollution has become a pervasive environmental issue, with these tiny plastic particles now found in every corner of the globe, from the depths of the ocean to the air we breathe. While the prevalence of microplastics is well-documented, their long-term effects on ecosystems and human health remain largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the accumulation of microplastics in freshwater ecosystems and their potential impacts on aquatic life and water quality, providing crucial data for developing effective mitigation strategies.”

Related Articles

How to Write a Proposed Intervention Research Paper

How to Write an Outstanding Research Proposal for Master Thesis

How to Write a Problem Statement | Guide & Examples

The basics of writing a statement of the problem for your research proposal

Writing a problem statement might seem daunting at first, but with practice, it becomes easier. Remember, a good problem statement is clear, concise, and compelling. It should make your reader think, “Yes, this is indeed a problem that needs solving!”

As you work on your research proposal, keep coming back to your problem statement. Use it as a guide to ensure that every part of your proposal – from your literature review to your methodology – aligns with the problem you’re trying to solve.

And don’t forget, writing is a process. Your first draft doesn’t have to be perfect. Write, revise, get feedback, and revise again. With each iteration, your problem statement will become stronger and clearer.

Lastly, remember why you’re doing this research in the first place. You’ve identified a problem that matters, something that needs attention and solutions. Your work has the potential to make a real difference. So take a deep breath, dive in, and happy researching!

Final Thoughts

Writing a problem statement is a skill that will serve you well beyond your college years. Whether you go into academia, business, or any other field, the ability to clearly articulate problems and why they matter is invaluable.

So don’t think of this as just another academic exercise. You’re developing a skill that will help you tackle real-world problems throughout your career. Who knows? The problem you’re addressing in your research proposal today could be the basis for groundbreaking work in the future.

Remember, every great solution starts with a well-defined problem. By mastering the art of writing problem statements, you’re taking the first step towards becoming a problem-solver and changemaker in your field.

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how to write a problem statement for a research project

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Problem Statement: What It Is, How to Write + Examples

Learn a problem statement, how to craft one effectively, and find practical examples. Master the art of problem statement writing.

A well-defined problem statement is the foundation of any successful project, research, or initiative. Whether you’re a student, a professional, or an entrepreneur, understanding a problem statement and how to craft one effectively is crucial. 

In this blog post, we will dive deep into problem statements, explaining what they are, how to write them, and providing real-life examples to guide you.

What Is a Problem Statement?

A problem statement is a concise and clear description of an issue or challenge that needs to be addressed. It serves as a roadmap for problem-solving and decision-making, helping individuals and teams define the scope of their work and focus on the most critical aspects of a problem. 

The problem statement underscores the need for exploring viable solutions and potential solutions to tackle the rising energy consumption in our community.

A well-crafted problem statement should be:

  • Specific: Clearly define the problem, avoiding vague or general descriptions.
  • Measurable: Include criteria to assess the success or completion of the solution.
  • Achievable: Ensure that the problem can be solved or improved within reasonable constraints.
  • Relevant: Align the problem statement with your goals and objectives.
  • Time-bound: Set a timeframe for solving the problem or achieving progress.

When to Use a Problem Statement

A problem statement is a concise and clear description of an issue or challenge that needs to be addressed. It is often used in various contexts, including business, research , project management, and problem-solving. 

Here are some key elements of situations in which you should use to write a problem statement in a brief and focused manner:

  • Project Proposals: When proposing a project, whether it’s for a business world initiative or a research endeavor, concise writing problem statements help stakeholders understand why the project is necessary and what it aims to solve.
  • Business Plans: A brief error statement can provide context for the business goals and objectives in a business plan or strategy document. It helps identify the specific market or industry challenges the business addresses.
  • Research Proposals: In academic or scientific research proposals, a succinct error statement outlines the research question or problem the study intends to investigate. It sets the stage for the research objectives and methodology.
  • Product Development: When creating a new product or service, a short problem statement helps the design process and development teams focus on solving a specific user or market problem.
  • Policy Development: In the public sector, government agencies and policymakers often use error statements to define and communicate the issues that need attention, leading to the formulation of policies or regulations.
  • Conflict Resolution: In conflict resolution or mediation processes, a concise error statement can help parties involved in a dispute to understand the core issues and work towards a resolution.
  • Quality Improvement: In quality management or process improvement initiatives, a brief error statement helps identify the areas in a process where improvements are needed.
  • Marketing and Advertising: When creating marketing campaigns or advertising materials, a problem statement can be used to highlight a consumer’s pain point and show how a product or service can solve it.
  • Innovation Challenges: In innovation competitions or hackathons, participants often start by defining a clear and concise error statement before brainstorming a proposed solution.
  • Personal Goals: Even in personal development or goal-setting, it can be helpful to formulate a concise problem statement to clarify what you want to achieve and why.

How to Write an Effective Problem Statement

Writing an effective problem statement is crucial for any project, research, or initiative because it sets the stage for addressing the issue at hand. A well-crafted problem statement clarifies the problem, provides context, and serves as a guide for developing and implementing solutions. 

Here are the steps to write an effective problem statement:

01. Understand the Problem:

Begin by thoroughly understanding the problem you intend to address. Conduct research, gather data, and talk to relevant stakeholders to gain insights into the issue. Identify the scope and boundaries of the problem.

02. Define the Problem Clearly:

Your problem statement should be clear and concise. Avoid vague or ambiguous language. State the problem in simple terms so anyone reading it can understand the issue.

03. Provide Context:

Give background information to help readers understand the problem’s significance. Explain why it is important, who it affects, and what its implications are. Provide relevant statistics, trends, or examples to illustrate the problem’s financial costs, scope and impact.

04. Identify the Root Cause:

Try to identify the underlying causes or factors contributing to the problem. This will help address the issue at its core rather than just its symptoms.

05. Be Specific:

Avoid broad or generic problem statements. Instead, narrow down the problem to a specific issue that can be tackled effectively. Specificity will make it easier to develop targeted solutions.

06. Use Measurable Criteria:

Include measurable criteria for success. This allows you to evaluate whether the problem has been resolved or improvements have been made. Quantifiable metrics help in tracking progress.

07. Make It Feasible:

Ensure that the problem statement reflects a realistic and achievable challenge. It should be addressed within your resources and constraints.

08. Avoid Solution Language:

This should focus on describing the problem, not proposing solutions. Avoid phrases like “we need to do X” or “we should implement Y.” Save the solution-oriented discussions for later in the design thinking process.

09. Consider the Audience:

Tailor your own problem statement to the audience it is intended for. Use language and terminology that your audience can understand and relate to. Adapt the level of technical detail accordingly.

10. Seek Feedback:

Share your problem statement with colleagues, experts, or stakeholders to gather feedback and refine it. Their input can help ensure clarity and completeness.

11. Revise and Refine:

Continue to revise and refine the error statement as you gather more information and insights. It may evolve as your understanding of the problem deepens.

12. Test for Objectivity:

Ensure that your problem statement is free from bias and reflects a balanced perspective. Avoid making assumptions or assigning blame without evidence.

Examples of Problem Statements

The problem statement serves as the foundation for your research, outlining the key challenges and issues we aim to address in just a few sentences and providing a clear direction for our study. To further illustrate how to create effective problem statements, let’s explore some real-life problem statement examples:

Example 1: Education

“The high school dropout rate in our community has risen by 20% over the past two years, negatively impacting our future workforce. We need to implement targeted intervention programs to reduce dropout rates and ensure a more educated workforce.”

Example 2: Healthcare

“Patients in our clinic often face long wait times for appointments, resulting in dissatisfaction and delays in medical care. We must streamline our appointment scheduling process to reduce wait times and improve patient’s customer satisfaction ratings.”

Example 3: Business

“Our e-commerce website experiences a high cart abandonment rate, leading to lost sales opportunities. We must identify the reasons for cart abandonment and implement strategies to increase conversion rates.”

A well-crafted problem statement is fundamental for effective problem-solving in any field or endeavor. Following the steps outlined in this blog post and studying the examples provided can enhance your ability to define, address, and ultimately solve complex problems. 

Whether you’re a student tackling a research project or a professional seeking to improve your organization’s processes, mastering the art of problem statement writing is a valuable skill that can lead to greater success.

QuestionPro streamlines problem-solving with versatile surveys, data analysis, segmentation, and real-time reporting. It offers a comprehensive toolkit for gathering valuable insights, facilitating informed decision-making, and addressing problem statements effectively.

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how to write a problem statement for a research project

How To Write a Solid Problem Statement

how to write a problem statement for a research project

Introduction

The basic research process, what is an example of a problem statement, how does writing problem statements help, types of problem statements, how do i write a problem statement.

A well-defined problem statement is one of the key elements of a rigorously designed research project. It is based on your literature review and informs your study design in a manner that facilitates the creation of a proposed solution through the data analysis .

This article looks at the concept of problem statements, their role in a research project, and how to write a problem statement for conducting effective research.

how to write a problem statement for a research project

While data collection and data analysis get most of the attention in any given primary research project, research relies a great deal on the amount of effort placed in the preparation of the research design. This preparation involves demonstrating a thorough understanding of the current research in order to assess the value and novelty of the new research being presented.

To ensure that the primary research and its underlying research questions are novel and interesting in their contributions to scientific knowledge, the overall study is supported by a robust and rigorous literature review . This review should provide a comprehensive survey of the conceptual and empirical knowledge relevant to the study being conducted.

What is the problem statement?

A problem statement bridges the literature review and the resulting study. It synthesizes the salient points and gaps in the existing research and makes an argument about the kind of research that should be conducted to generate new knowledge.

Why a problem statement is useful

An effective problem statement sets the tone for the rest of the study, in that it identifies what needs to be researched and how. This assertion is based on what existing research has already established, making it clear that new research would make a novel contribution to scholarly knowledge.

When to use a problem statement

A problem statement is a clear declaration of what research should be conducted and what theory should be developed. To that end, a problem statement can provide an explicit description for research audiences, which is useful for just about any research project. A problem statement explains why the larger research study is necessary or expands scientific understanding.

how to write a problem statement for a research project

Here is an example of a problem statement that might be found in organizational research in financial services contexts.

The financial services industry suffers from issues arising from poor customer service, and the problem's financial costs continue to rise as the demand for financial services increases. Research and professional literature on the financial services industry have long posited that a business world increasingly dependent on automation and digitization is a root cause negatively affecting the financial service workforce's morale.

However, there is insufficient primary research to provide insights as to how to improve workplace conditions, a prerequisite for implementing solutions to provide better customer care. Further study is required in order to identify how financial service business leaders can create a productive workplace necessary for quality customer service outcomes.

The above problem statement looks at key workplace aspects influencing a financial services company's ability to identify potential solutions to deliver outstanding customer service. It refers to existing discussions in scholarly research and professional publications while asserting that such discussions have yet to illustrate any useful solutions to the problem that needs to be addressed.

The format of a problem statement

A study's own problem statement has three main components: a synthesis or summary of the existing knowledge relevant to the research inquiry, the gaps identified by that review and why those gaps are important, and the kind of research necessary to fill those gaps.

Let's examine the parts of another example problem statement that might belong in a larger study about education:

The contemporary literature has highlighted numerous cases where literacy teachers have elicited detailed and well-supported ideas from their students when asking more open-ended questions.

In the sentence above, the author has pointed to previous research (which should be described and correctly referenced in the literature review ) about the effects of open-ended questions on high school students. In particular, students offer more details for ideas during interaction.

However, previous research has not examined whether the engaging classroom interactions from open-ended questions are related to other learning outcomes.

Here, a lack of empirical evidence illustrates a gap in the research that needs to be filled.

Moreover, any evidence presented thus far has been primarily focused on learning outcomes that can be measured in standarized tests. This leaves other important learning outcomes overlooked, such as students' motivation, comprehension, or creativity.

The problem statement goes further by pointing out a methodological gap in understanding the effects of classroom interaction and why this is important.

Further research that captures students' perceptions and interpretations of being asked open-ended questions by their teachers can meaningfully extend current theory and practice by shedding light on other important learning outcomes.

The last component highlights how the present research makes a novel and interesting contribution to existing literature, thus justifying the research to be presented.

how to write a problem statement for a research project

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An effective problem statement sets up the rest of the research inquiry and ensures a rigorous research process. Let's look at each of the particular stages of research influenced by problem statements.

Research question

The problem statement identifies the gaps in knowledge that existing scholarship has yet to address. With these gaps in mind, the study you present will be novel enough to justify the attention paid by your research audience.

Study design

The literature gap can also highlight what types of research should be conducted to contribute to new knowledge. A problem statement that describes a reliance on interview research methods , for example, can justify the use of observations in a new study.

Theoretical framework

A problem statement can highlight a theoretical gap, as in a research field's reliance on one particular theory while overlooking another. In that case, the problem statement can justify a novel theoretical framework to look at data from a new angle.

As the previous section illustrated, there are different kinds of problem statements that can be used to establish the novelty of a study. Three common types of statements are detailed in this section.

Empirical problem statement

In many cases, researchers can argue that scientific theory might lack sufficient evidence. Theory that has been established in one context (e.g., high school classrooms), for example, may not have evidence to be considered applicable to another context (e.g., university classrooms), requiring further research to affirm or challenge that theory.

Theoretical problem statement

A theoretical framework is simply a way of looking at data to generate knowledge. When you change the theory, you change the way you analyze the research . As a result, a problem statement that illustrates a focus on one particular theory can justify the use of another theory, provided it generates meaningful knowledge about your research topic .

Methodological problem statement

Method triangulation is the concept of examining a phenomenon through multiple research methods to gain a sufficiently robust understanding of the knowledge regarding that phenomenon. If the literature prefers one method (e.g., assessments) you can establish research novelty by conducting a study that employs another method (e.g., interviews ) and explaining how this contributes new understanding.

how to write a problem statement for a research project

There is an intentional process to writing problem statements, even if it's just a few sentences. This section deals with what things belong and don't belong in a useful problem statement.

Questions to answer when writing a problem statement

As written above, make sure that your problem statement has three essential components:

What does your literature review say? While your background description of the research should be presented in thorough and transparent detail, you need to have a succinct summary of what the existing research says and how it informs your study design.

What is missing in the existing research and why is this important? A sufficiently comprehensive literature review should also allow you to describe what the current research has yet to establish or achieve. It is also important that you explain why this unexplored topic or question is important for theory or practice. This gap illustrates the problem and justifies the proposed solution in the present study that addresses this problem.

What study is required to contribute to scientific knowledge? Identifying the literature gap and explaining how your research address that gap in knowledge will help illustrate the novelty and contribution of the study you want to present.

Note that the overall study should address all of these questions in detail for transparency's sake. However, a succinct problem statement gives your research audience an easy place of reference to identify the salient points of the new research. Variations of your problem statement can be presented in your abstract, introduction, discussion, and conclusion sections.

What not to include in a problem statement

A problem statement should focus primarily on what existing knowledge has already established. Assertions that are not grounded in previously published studies are little more than speculation, and research inquiries that are built on unfounded assertions do not make for meaningful research. A problem statement rooted in a thoroughly-researched literature review mitigates this issue and ensures a robust link from scientific knowledge to new empirical analysis.

A useful problem statement should also focus on justifying the research that is to be presented. To that end, researchers should not assume that merely spotting a gap is sufficient. Rather, it is important to explain the theoretical or practical implications of addressing that gap to more convincingly justify the present research.

how to write a problem statement for a research project

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A problem statement is a concise description of a specific issue that needs to be addressed in a study. It is an important component of any research project. By indentifying the main problem or concern, it provides a rationale for why the study is necessary.

This article will shed more light on the basics of a research statement, its purpose and how you can create it. A brief step by step guide on writing robust issue descriptions will be provided below. Stay with us and you will get prepared for conducting your own research!  Also, you can check out paper writing service by StudyCrumb to get proficient help with this important task.

What Is a Problem Statement?

A problem statement provides an effective definition of an issue that you must examine in your work. It also servers the following purposes:

  • Put an issue into a context.
  • Explain the relevance of an issue and why you have chosen it for your project.
  • Define objectives of your research. You should specify main steps you're planning on in order to can solve it.

At the same time, your  problem statement  should not be too wordy. It should contain only relevant details. It should be direct when describing all things mentioned above.  

Why Problem Statement Is Important in Research?

Role of the problem statement in a  research paper  lies in creating a solid, well-organized basis for your study. It is an essential step in understanding the significance of an issue and finding effective solutions. This is why you should write a strong approach to an issue before planning your research steps. It will serve as a guide for you. Also, with its help you can quickly solve any issue you can encounter when writing a paper.  

How to Write a Problem Statement for Research: Step-By-Step Guide

How to write a good problem statement? Most importantly, it should help you better understand full meaning and context of an issue. Better make sure you don't miss anything at the start of your project. We have prepared this quick guide on writing good approach to an issue. Let us explain it in detail. Help with research paper writing is there for you always.

Step 1. Offer Background in Your Problem Statement

Begin writing a problem statement by examining background of selected issue. Depending on the type of your research, focus on its practical or theoretical aspects. For practical issue, explain who or what is affected by this process. Tell what attempts have been made to find some solution. For theoretical one, explain what is already known about an issue from credible sources. Tell whether it is limited to any certain geographic location or period of time. Second, give it some context. Explain how this particular issue stands in a way of different processes. You may even explain those processes! After all, it is way easier for readers to sympathize with topic if they understand it.  

Step 2. Explain Why the Problem Statement Matters

Statement of the problem should provide clear arguments for relevance of an issue. Unless it is obvious from context, you need to start with clear answers to questions like these:

  • Is your problem connected to some other important ones?
  • Which direct or indirect consequences can this issue bring for society, economics or environment?
  • What can happen if it is not solved?
  • What benefits can be gained by solving it?
  • Will solving an issue contribute to better understanding of related area(s)?

Step 3. Find Effective Approaches in Your Problem Statement

Next step is exploring your possibilities given the context. Science project problem statement should determine the paths you are going to take with your research. Your approaches may:  

  • Address the aspects that make the heaviest impact and, therefore, need to be solved as soon as possible.
  • Investigate connection with similar issues to find whether other solutions could be applied to this one.
  • Explore the solutions suggested by other researchers if any are available.

Step 4. Show Research Objectives in Your Problem Statement

A statement of the problem in research paper should provide full description of your aim and objectives. The aim is typically not only about finding some solution. It examines the factors causing the issues and sets the research strategy. The following objectives can be used:  

  • Research methodology to identify different aspects of an issue and relations between factors.
  • Research activities you perform to collect necessary data.
  • Mathematical or statistical operations to measure the data you have collected.

Problem Statement Examples

We have prepared an example of problem statement in a research paper for your convenience. Jow to write my research papers ? Keep in mind that you need to focus on composing proper structure of your report for maximum efficiency. 

Problem Statement Example

There are a lot of different blogs we have for our users. For example, if you are looking for an example discussion section for a reasearch paper , we have got you covered.

Writing a Problem Statement: Final Thoughts

Today we have provided you with a quick guide on how to write a problem statement. Feel free to use it for your own research ideas. 

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Frequently Asked Questions About Writing a Problem Statement

1. what is a good problem statement.

A good problem statement should provide clear definition of an issue at the beginning. You must include clear and concise explanation of its context. Also, add some absolute or relative measurements that quantify that gap. However you should not focus on possible causes or specific solutions at this stage.

2. Where do you put a problem statement in a research paper?

A problem statement in a research paper is to be put after thesis and research questions. Its purpose is to provide more details about specific area around your topic that is described in the thesis and to explain your objectives to show how you will obtain answers to the research questions.

3. What is the significance of a problem statement in a research paper?

A problem statement plays an important role in your research as it organizes the information you initially have about your subject. The purpose is to introduce the reader to the importance of the topic being studied. Besides, it helps you find appropriate ways to conduct the research and find the answers.

4. How long should a problem statement be in research proposal?

In problem statement you'd usually need 1 page to explain an issue your process improvement project will address. Depending on which format your tutor or your institution recommends, it also may include your approaches and your objectives. List of three or four items is enough for each of these two elements.

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How to Write a Problem Statement: An In-Depth Guide with Examples

In the dynamic world of business and academia, the ability to clearly identify and articulate a problem is fundamental to success. A problem statement serves as the foundation for project management, research initiatives, and business strategy development. It succinctly outlines a specific issue that needs resolution, setting the stage for focused analysis and solution development. This blog post aims to demystify the process of crafting an effective problem statement, offering readers practical examples and guidance to enhance their strategic planning and problem-solving efforts.

What is a Problem Statement?

A problem statement is a concise description of an issue to be addressed or a condition to be improved upon. It identifies the gap between the current (problem) state and desired (goal) state of a process or product. At its core, a problem statement provides a clear and precise identification of a specific problem, helping stakeholders understand the significance of the issue at hand.

Purpose and Usage

The purpose of a problem statement is twofold: it guides the problem-solving process by providing a clear focus and it communicates the importance of the issue to others. Problem statements are commonly used in:

Business: To initiate projects aimed at operational improvements, market expansion, or product development.

Research: As the basis for academic theses, grant proposals, or scientific studies, defining the scope and objectives of the investigation.

Project Management: To clearly define the objectives of a project, ensuring team alignment and guiding decision-making.

A well-formulated problem statement is critical for ensuring that efforts are directed toward a meaningful and impactful resolution. It acts as a lens through which the problem is viewed and understood, enabling a systematic approach to finding effective solutions.

how to write a problem statement for a research project

Key Components of a Problem Statement

A compelling problem statement is built on several key components that ensure it is both informative and actionable. Understanding these elements is crucial for anyone looking to draft a clear and effective problem statement:

Description of the Problem: This is a clear and concise statement of the issue that needs addressing. It should be specific, measurable, and outline the scope of the problem.

Impact of the Problem: This section details the effects of the problem, highlighting the negative outcomes on operations, financial performance, customer satisfaction, or other relevant areas. It answers the question of why the problem needs immediate attention.

Needs that Must be Met: Here, you outline the requirements or conditions that must be satisfied to address the problem effectively. This part sets the criteria for the potential solution, guiding the direction of problem-solving efforts.

Stakeholders: Identifying the individuals or groups affected by the problem and those who will be involved in solving it is crucial. This ensures that all relevant perspectives are considered in the solution process.

Incorporating these components ensures that the problem statement is not only clear and focused but also grounded in the reality of the business or research context, making it a powerful tool for initiating change.

Steps to Writing an Effective Problem Statement

Creating a problem statement that is clear, concise, and actionable is crucial for guiding the direction of your project or research. Follow these steps to craft an effective problem statement:

1. Identify the Problem

Research and Observation: Start by gathering as much information as possible about the issue. This can involve qualitative research, such as interviews and observations, or quantitative research, like surveys and data analysis. Understanding the depth and breadth of the problem is crucial.

Be Specific: Clearly articulate what the problem is. Avoid broad or vague descriptions. Instead, focus on specific aspects of the problem that can be addressed. Detail the symptoms of the problem and its effects on operations or objectives.

2. Understand the Impact

Quantify the Problem: Use data to illustrate the extent of the problem. This could include metrics like decreased sales, lower customer satisfaction scores, increased costs, or any other relevant indicators.

Highlight the Urgency: Explain why it is critical to address this problem now. Discuss what could happen if the problem is not resolved, including potential long-term impacts on the business or project.

3. Specify the Needs

Define Success Criteria: What does a successful resolution look like? Specify the outcomes you aim to achieve by solving the problem. This helps in focusing the problem-solving process and sets a clear goal.

Consider Constraints: Identify any limitations that might affect the solution. This could include budgetary constraints, time limitations, technological barriers, or resource availability. Acknowledging these constraints early on helps in shaping a more realistic and achievable problem statement.

4. Propose a Solution (Optional)

In some cases, it might be beneficial to propose a preliminary solution or objective within your problem statement. If you choose to do so, ensure that your proposal is:

Feasible: The suggested solution should be practical and achievable, given the constraints and resources available.

Aligned with Goals: Ensure that the solution directly addresses the issues outlined in the problem statement and meets the defined success criteria. It should offer a clear pathway to overcoming the identified problem.

By methodically following these steps, you can develop a problem statement that not only accurately reflects the issue at hand but also serves as a guiding beacon for your project or research efforts, ensuring focused and effective problem-solving strategies.

Examples of Problem Statements

Problem statement for a digital marketing agency.

Business Overview: A digital marketing agency that specializes in creating targeted social media campaigns for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).

Problem Statement: Despite providing a comprehensive suite of digital marketing services, the agency has experienced a significant decline in client retention rates over the past year. This issue stems primarily from the agency's inability to offer personalized campaign analytics, leading to diminished client satisfaction and reduced revenue. The lack of detailed insights into campaign performance prevents clients from understanding the value generated by their investments, ultimately driving them to seek services from competitors who offer more granular analytics and reporting features.

Problem Statement for a Coffee Shop Based in a Suburban Downtown

Business Overview: A locally-owned coffee shop situated in the heart of a suburban downtown, known for its organic coffee and community-driven atmosphere.

Problem Statement: In recent months, the coffee shop has witnessed a steady decline in daily customer visits, attributed to the influx of larger coffee chain competitors and a lack of effective local marketing strategies. This decrease in foot traffic threatens the shop's market share and its established presence within the community. Without a strategic response to counteract these challenges, the coffee shop risks losing its competitive edge and diminishing its role as a community hub.

Problem Statement, with solution, for a SAAS - Plannit AI  

Business Overview: Plannit AI is an innovative platform designed to simplify the business planning process for entrepreneurs through the use of artificial intelligence.

Problem Statement: Entrepreneurs face significant obstacles when developing comprehensive business plans, impeding their progress and ability to secure funding or launch successfully. The traditional process of creating a business plan is time-consuming and daunting, particularly for individuals without prior experience. The complexity of integrating various business elements into a coherent and strategic document can be overwhelming, resulting in entrepreneurs either abandoning their ventures, wasting time on unviable ideas, or diverting attention away from core business operations.

Solution: Plannit AI addresses these challenges by offering an AI-driven platform that streamlines the creation of detailed, professional business plans. Unlike generic solutions that lack depth and interactivity, Plannit AI provides a focused, user-friendly experience that guides entrepreneurs through each step of the planning process. With real-time, interactive features, the platform enables users to quickly transform their ideas into comprehensive business plans, leveraging AI to enhance productivity and innovation. By demystifying the business planning process, Plannit AI empowers entrepreneurs to effectively communicate their vision and objectives, increasing their chances of success in the competitive business landscape.

These examples illustrate the diversity of problem statements across different business contexts, highlighting the unique challenges each entity faces. A well-crafted problem statement, such as Plannit AI's, not only identifies the issue but also proposes a viable solution, demonstrating a clear understanding of the target market's needs and how to address them effectively.

Tips for Crafting a Compelling Problem Statement

Crafting a compelling problem statement is an art that requires clarity, focus, and a deep understanding of the issue at hand. Here are some best practices to guide you:

Be Concise and Precise: A problem statement should be brief yet comprehensive enough to cover the essence of the problem. Aim for clarity and precision, avoiding any unnecessary jargon or complex language that could obscure the issue.

Stay Focused: Keep the problem statement focused on a single issue. Trying to address multiple problems at once can dilute the effectiveness of your statement and complicate the solution process.

Adopt a Solution-Oriented Approach: While it's important to describe the problem, framing it in a way that opens up avenues for solutions can be more productive. This approach not only defines the problem but also sets the stage for identifying potential remedies.

Engage Stakeholders: Involving key stakeholders in the process of crafting the problem statement can provide valuable insights and perspectives. Their input can help refine the statement, ensuring it accurately reflects the problem and resonates with those affected by it.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Even with the best intentions, it’s easy to fall into common traps when writing problem statements. Here are some pitfalls to avoid:

Being Too Vague: A problem statement that lacks specificity can be ineffective. Avoid vague descriptions and instead provide concrete details that paint a clear picture of the problem.

Being Overly Broad: Trying to tackle a problem that's too broad can make finding a feasible solution challenging. Narrow down the problem to something manageable and specific.

Solution Bias: While it's useful to think about potential solutions, a problem statement overly focused on a particular solution can limit creativity and innovation. Keep the statement open-ended to allow for a range of solutions.

Ignoring the Underlying Problem: Sometimes, the apparent problem is just a symptom of a deeper issue. Ensure you're addressing the root cause, not just the surface-level manifestations.

Overlooking Stakeholder Perspectives: Failing to consider the views and needs of all stakeholders can lead to a problem statement that doesn't fully capture the issue. Engage with a diverse range of stakeholders to ensure a comprehensive understanding.

By adhering to these tips and avoiding common mistakes, you can craft a problem statement that effectively sets the stage for identifying and implementing solutions. A well-conceived problem statement is a powerful tool in the problem-solving arsenal, guiding efforts towards meaningful and impactful outcomes.

Create Your Problem Statement with Plannit AI

For entrepreneurs and small business owners navigating the complexities of the market, crafting a detailed and actionable problem statement is the first step toward strategic clarity. This key component not only outlines the issue at hand but also sets the stage for targeted solution-finding and strategic development. The process, while demanding, is invaluable in aligning stakeholders and focusing efforts towards impactful solutions. A well-defined problem statement does more than highlight an issue; it sheds light on the path towards resolution, ensuring efforts are concentrated on effective outcomes.

Plannit AI stands ready to simplify this critical process, integrating seamlessly into the broader journey of business planning. Our platform goes beyond just formulating problem statements—it's a comprehensive tool designed to bring your entire business plan to life within minutes.

Plannit AI's Full Suite of Services:

Comprehensive Business Planning: Create a full, investor-ready business plan with ease. From executive summaries to in-depth market analysis and financial forecasts, Plannit AI covers all bases, ensuring your plan is thorough and tailored to your specific business goals.

Collaborative Planning: Plannit AI's platform fosters collaboration, allowing you to work with partners, advisors, or your team in real-time. This feature ensures that every stakeholder can contribute to the business plan, making the planning process more dynamic and inclusive.

Educational Resources: Beyond the planning tools, Plannit AI offers a wealth of educational content designed to bolster your business knowledge. Access guides, articles, and templates that can help refine your strategy and enhance your understanding of key business concepts.

A Full Plan in Minutes: Perhaps the most transformative aspect of Plannit AI is its ability to generate a full business plan in minutes. This unparalleled speed does not come at the expense of quality or depth. Instead, Plannit AI leverages ChatGPT to ensure that your business plan is both rapid and robust, ready to meet the scrutiny of investors, stakeholders, and financial institutions.

As you move forward, remember that the journey from concept to market leader requires clarity, insight, and strategic foresight—qualities that Plannit AI is designed to foster.

Visit Plannit.ai to create a business plan in minutes. Beyond planning, Plannit AI offers templates, guides, tools, and other educational resources! Join the thousands of entrepreneurs and small business owners who are already leveraging Plannit AI to elevate their strategic planning and propel their businesses into a prosperous future.

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Research Problem Statement — Find out how to write an impactful one!

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Table of Contents

What Is a Research Problem Statement?

A research problem statement is a clear, concise, and specific statement that describes the issue or problem that the research project addresses. It should be written in a way that is easily understandable to both experts and non-experts in the field.

To write a research problem statement, you should:

  • Identify the general area of interest: Start by identifying the general area of research that interests you.
  • Define the specific problem: Narrow down the general area of interest to a specific problem or issue.
  • Explain the significance of the problem: Provide context for the problem by explaining why it is important to study and what gap in current knowledge or understanding it fills.
  • Provide a clear and concise statement: State the problem in a clear and concise manner, making sure to use language that is easily understood by your intended audience.
  • Use a scientific and objective tone: The problem statement should be written in a neutral and objective tone, avoiding any subjective language and personal bias .

An Example of a Research Problem Statement

“The increasing prevalence of obesity in children is a growing public health concern. Despite the availability of information on healthy eating and physical activity, many children are still not engaging in healthy lifestyle behaviors. The problem this study addresses is the lack of understanding of the barriers and facilitators to healthy lifestyle behaviors in children.”

When to Write a Problem Statement in Research?

A research problem statement should be written at the beginning of the research process, before any data collection or analysis takes place. This is because the statement sets the foundation for the entire research project by clearly defining the problem that the research is trying to address.

Writing a problem statement early in the research process helps to guide the research design and methodology , and ensures that the research is focused on addressing the specific problem at hand. It also helps to ensure that the research is relevant and addresses a gap in current knowledge or understanding.

In addition, a well-written problem statement effectively communicates the purpose and significance of the research to potential funders, collaborators, and other stakeholders. It also generates interest and support for the research project.

It’s also important to note that, during the research process, the statement can be refined or updated as new information is discovered or as the research progresses. This is normal and it’s a good idea to revise the statement as needed to ensure that it remains clear and concise and that it accurately reflects the current focus of the research project.

What Does a Research Problem Statement Include?

A research problem statement typically includes the following elements:

1. The research topic:

The general area of interest or field of study that the research project addresses.

2. The specific problem or issue:

A clear and concise statement of the problem or issue that the research project aims to address.

3. The significance of the problem:

A discussion of why the problem is important and what gap in current knowledge or understanding it fills.

4. The research questions:

A set of questions that the research project aims to answer, in order to address the problem or issue.

5. The research objectives:

A set of specific and measurable objectives that the research project aims to achieve.

6. The scope of the research:

A description of the specific population, setting, or context that the research project will focus on.

7. The theoretical framework:

A discussion of the theoretical concepts and principles that inform the research project.

8. The research design:

A description of the research methodologies that will be used to collect and analyze data in order to address the research questions and objectives.

It’s important to note that the problem statement is usually brief and concise, typically a few sentences or a short paragraph. But it should provide enough information to convey the main idea of the research project.

Important Features of Research Problem Statement

The problem statement should be clear and easy to understand. Write it in a way that is accessible to both experts and non-experts in the field.

2. Specificity

The statement should be specific and clearly define the problem or issue that the research project aims to address. It should be narrow enough to be manageable, but broad enough to be of interest to others in the field.

3. Significance

The statement should explain why the problem is important and what gap in current knowledge or understanding it fills. It should provide context for the research project and help to justify its importance.

4. Relevance

The statement should be relevant to the field of study and address an issue that is currently of concern to researchers.

5. Research questions

The statement should include a set of research questions that the research project aims to answer in order to address the problem or issue.

6. Research objectives

The statement should include a set of specific and measurable objectives that the research project aims to achieve.

The statement should define the specific population, setting, or context that the research project will focus on.

8. Theoretical framework

The statement should provide an overview of the theoretical concepts and principles that inform the research project.

9. Research design

The statement should provide an overview of the research methodologies. This will be useful collect and analyze data in order to address the research questions and objectives.

Difference Between a Thesis Statement and a Problem Statement

A thesis statement and a problem statement are related but distinct elements of a research project.

A thesis statement is a statement that summarizes the central argument or claim of a research paper or essay. It presents the main idea of the paper and sets the direction for the rest of the content. It’s usually located at the end of the introduction, and it’s often one sentence.

A problem statement, on the other hand, is a statement that describes a specific problem or issue that the research project aims to address. It sets the foundation for the entire research project by clearly defining the research problem. It is usually located at the beginning of a research paper or proposal, and is of one or a few paragraphs.

In summary, a thesis statement is a summary of the main point or key argument of the research paper. A problem statement describes the specific issue that the research project aims to address. A thesis statement is more focused on the final outcome of the research. While a problem statement is focused on the current state of knowledge and the gap in understanding that the research project aims to fill.

In Conclusion

A problem statement is a critical component of the research project, as it provides a clear and concise roadmap for the research, and helps to ensure that the research is well-designed and addresses a significant and relevant issue.

We hope this blog has clarified your doubts and confusion associated with research problem statement and helps you write an effective statement for your research project!

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COMMENTS

  1. How to Write a Problem Statement | Guide & Examples - Scribbr

    Nov 6, 2022 · In the business world, writing a problem statement is often the first step in kicking off an improvement project. In this case, the problem statement is usually a stand-alone document. In academic research, writing a problem statement can help you contextualize and understand the significance of your research problem.

  2. How to Write a Problem Statement (With 3 Examples) - BetterUp

    Here are some common situations where writing problem statements might come in handy: Writing an executive summary for a project proposal or research project; Collaborating on a cross-functional project with several team members; Defining the customer issue that a proposed product or service aims to solve; Using design thinking to improve user ...

  3. Problem Statement – Writing Guide, Examples and Types

    Mar 25, 2024 · Problem Statement. A problem statement identifies the gap between the current situation and the desired outcome, highlighting why the problem matters. It is typically included in research proposals, project plans, or academic theses, guiding the scope and purpose of the study. For example: In a study on online education, the problem statement ...

  4. How to Write a Problem Statement for Your Research Proposal

    Jul 4, 2024 · A problem statement is like the foundation of your research project. It’s where you explain what issue you’re tackling and why it matters. Think of it as the “why” behind your research. By the end of this post, you’ll have a clear idea of how to craft a strong problem statement that will set your research proposal on the right track.

  5. How to Write a Problem Statement - Project Management Institute

    Apr 5, 2024 · Here is an example of how to structure the problem statement: Currently, [describe the issue in measurable terms], compared to our target of [describe the ideal state in measurable terms], which we aim to achieve by [state the target date]. Problem Statement Do’s and Don’ts. Crafting a precise problem statement can be challenging.

  6. Problem Statement: What It Is, How to Write + Examples

    How to Write an Effective Problem Statement. Writing an effective problem statement is crucial for any project, research, or initiative because it sets the stage for addressing the issue at hand. A well-crafted problem statement clarifies the problem, provides context, and serves as a guide for developing and implementing solutions. Here are ...

  7. How To Write a Solid Problem Statement - ATLAS.ti

    An effective problem statement sets up the rest of the research inquiry and ensures a rigorous research process. Let's look at each of the particular stages of research influenced by problem statements. Research question. The problem statement identifies the gaps in knowledge that existing scholarship has yet to address.

  8. How to Write a Problem Statement: Research Guide + Examples

    May 3, 2022 · Step 4. Show Research Objectives in Your Problem Statement. A statement of the problem in research paper should provide full description of your aim and objectives. The aim is typically not only about finding some solution. It examines the factors causing the issues and sets the research strategy. The following objectives can be used:

  9. How to Write a Problem Statement: An In-Depth Guide with Examples

    Feb 13, 2024 · Steps to Writing an Effective Problem Statement. Creating a problem statement that is clear, concise, and actionable is crucial for guiding the direction of your project or research. Follow these steps to craft an effective problem statement: 1. Identify the Problem

  10. How to Write a Research Problem Statement | Guide & Features

    Jul 13, 2023 · What Does a Research Problem Statement Include? A research problem statement typically includes the following elements: 1. The research topic: The general area of interest or field of study that the research project addresses. 2. The specific problem or issue: A clear and concise statement of the problem or issue that the research project aims ...