what is a paragraph example essay

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A paragraph is a fundamental unit of writing that focuses on a single idea or topic. It typically consists of a topic sentence , supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence . The topic sentence introduces the main idea, while the supporting sentences provide details, examples, or explanations. The concluding sentence summarizes the main point or transitions to the next paragraph. Effective paragraphs enhance the clarity and coherence of writing, making it easier for readers to understand and engage with the content. Whether in essays, articles, or reports, well-structured paragraphs are essential for effective communication .

Check Out Free Paragraph Writer Tool

What Is a Paragraph?

A paragraph is a distinct section of writing that deals with a specific point or idea, typically consisting of several sentences. It begins with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea, followed by supporting sentences that develop this idea through details, examples, and explanations. A concluding sentence may be included to summarize the main point or provide a transition to the next paragraph. Paragraphs help organize writing, making it easier to read and understand by breaking the text into manageable sections.

Paragraph Format

1. topic sentence.

Start with a topic sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. It tells the reader what the paragraph will be about.

Example: “Regular exercise is essential for maintaining good health.”

2. Supporting Sentences

Add 3-5 sentences that provide details, examples, or explanations supporting the main idea. These sentences should connect logically and build on the topic sentence.

Example: “Exercise helps control weight, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and improve mental health. Physical activities like walking, running, and swimming increase cardiovascular fitness. Regular exercise releases endorphins, which are natural mood lifters. It also helps improve sleep quality and boosts energy levels.”

3. Transitions

Use transition words to connect your sentences and make the paragraph flow smoothly. Examples of transition words include “furthermore,” “in addition,” “moreover,” “however,” and “therefore.”

Example: “Moreover, regular exercise releases endorphins, which are natural mood lifters.”

4. Concluding Sentence

Finish with a concluding sentence that wraps up the main idea and reinforces what you’ve discussed.

Example: “Therefore, incorporating regular exercise into your daily routine is vital for a healthy and balanced life.”

Example of a Well-Formatted Paragraph

Regular exercise is essential for maintaining good health. Exercise helps control weight, reduce the risk of chronic diseases, and improve mental health. Physical activities like walking, running, and swimming increase cardiovascular fitness. Moreover, regular exercise releases endorphins, which are natural mood lifters. Additionally, it helps improve sleep quality and boosts energy levels. Therefore, incorporating regular exercise into your daily routine is vital for a healthy and balanced life.

What is the Best Example of Paragraph

The Importance of Reading

Reading is a fundamental skill that significantly impacts personal and academic growth. It enhances vocabulary, improves comprehension, and fosters critical thinking. When individuals read regularly, they are exposed to new ideas and perspectives, which broadens their understanding of the world. Additionally, reading stimulates the brain, keeping it active and engaged, which can help prevent cognitive decline. It also provides a means of relaxation and stress reduction, as immersing oneself in a good book can be a soothing escape from daily pressures. Therefore, cultivating a habit of reading not only contributes to intellectual development but also promotes overall well-being.

Paragraph Examples

Example 1: benefits of regular exercise.

Regular exercise offers numerous benefits, both physically and mentally. Engaging in physical activities like jogging, swimming, or cycling helps improve cardiovascular health, strengthen muscles, and enhance flexibility. Exercise also plays a crucial role in weight management and reducing the risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. Moreover, regular physical activity is known to boost mental health by alleviating symptoms of depression and anxiety, promoting better sleep, and enhancing overall mood. By making exercise a part of your daily routine, you can significantly improve your quality of life and longevity.

Example 2: Importance of Time Management

Effective time management is essential for achieving success and maintaining a balanced life. By prioritizing tasks and setting clear goals, individuals can maximize productivity and reduce stress. Time management involves creating schedules, setting deadlines, and avoiding procrastination. It also requires the ability to delegate tasks when necessary and to focus on one task at a time. Proper time management not only helps in completing tasks efficiently but also allows for more free time to relax and pursue personal interests. Developing good time management skills is key to achieving both professional and personal goals.

Example 3: The Impact of Social Media on Society

Social media has revolutionized the way we communicate and interact with one another. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have made it easier to stay connected with friends and family, share information, and express opinions. However, social media also has its downsides. It can lead to issues such as cyberbullying, privacy concerns, and the spread of misinformation. Additionally, excessive use of social media can contribute to mental health problems like anxiety and depression. It is important for users to be mindful of their social media habits and strive for a healthy balance between online and offline interactions.

Example 4: The Importance of Environmental Conservation

Environmental conservation is crucial for the health and sustainability of our planet. Protecting natural habitats, preserving biodiversity, and reducing pollution are essential steps in maintaining the balance of ecosystems. Conservation efforts help ensure clean air and water, fertile soil, and a stable climate. Individuals can contribute to environmental conservation by adopting eco-friendly practices such as recycling, reducing energy consumption, and supporting sustainable products. Governments and organizations also play a vital role by implementing policies and initiatives aimed at protecting the environment. By working together, we can safeguard our planet for future generations.

Example 5: The Role of Technology in Education

Technology has transformed the field of education, making learning more accessible and engaging. Online courses, interactive learning platforms, and educational apps provide students with a wealth of resources at their fingertips. Technology enables personalized learning, allowing students to learn at their own pace and according to their individual needs. It also facilitates collaboration and communication among students and teachers, enhancing the overall learning experience. However, it is important to use technology responsibly and ensure that it complements traditional teaching methods. By integrating technology effectively, we can create a more dynamic and inclusive educational environment.

Short Paragraph Examples

Paragraph on value of time.

Time is an invaluable resource, one that we cannot reclaim once it’s lost. Every moment holds the potential for growth, learning, and creating meaningful experiences. Time management enables us to maximize our productivity and achieve our goals efficiently. By valuing time, we make conscious decisions about how we spend it, prioritizing tasks that align with our long-term aspirations. Understanding the worth of time fosters discipline, reduces stress, and enhances our overall well-being. In essence, appreciating time empowers us to live a more purposeful and fulfilling life.

• paragraph on internet
• paragraph on drug addiction
• paragraph on climate change
• paragraph on food adulteration
• paragraph on air pollution
• paragraph on environment
• paragraph on save water
• paragraph on water
• paragraph on books are our best friends
• paragraph on nature
• paragraph on hard work
• paragraph on health
• paragraph on games and sports
• paragraph on technology
• paragraph on social media
• paragraph on success
• paragraph on work is worship
• paragraph on disaster management
• paragraph on laughter is the best medicine
• paragraph on noise pollution
• paragraph on kindness
• paragraph on rainwater harvesting
• paragraph on desert

Paragraph Examples for Students

• paragraph on discipline
• paragraph on my aim in life
• paragraph on importance of education
• paragraph on early rising
• paragraph on daily routine
• paragraph on morning walk
• paragraph on newspaper
• paragraph on if i were a bird
• paragraph about football
• paragraph on a visit to a zoo
• paragraph on a visit to a hill station
• paragraph on grandparents
• paragraph on morning assembly in my school
• paragraph on a house on fire

Paragraph Examples for Middle School

• paragraph on my favourite teacher
• paragraph on winter morning
• paragraph on my place
• paragraph on my house
• paragraph on summer vacation
• paragraph on christmas
• paragraph on an ideal student
• paragraph writing on covid 19
• paragraph on mother teresa
• paragraph on elephant
• paragraph on computer
• paragraph on flood
• paragraph on gandhi jayanti
• paragraph on festival
• paragraph on doctor
• paragraph on solar system
• paragraph on red fort
• paragraph on earth day
• paragraph on plants
• paragraph on sikkim
• paragraph on unsung heroes of freedom struggle
• paragraph on tsunami

Paragraph Examples for High School

• paragraph on mobile phone
• paragraph on artificial intelligence
• paragraph on early to bed
• paragraph on our national flag
• paragraph on road accident
• paragraph on online classes
• paragraph on lion
• paragraph on forest
• paragraph on earth

Paragraph Examples for Kids

• paragraph on my mother
• paragraph on my sister
• paragraph on my father
• paragraph on my brother
• paragraph on myself
• paragraph on my school
• paragraph on my grandmother
• paragraph on parrot
• paragraph on badminton

Paragraph Examples for 2nd Grade

• paragraph on raksha bandhan
• paragraph on janmashtami
• Paragraph on My Pet
• Paragraph on My Best Friend
• Paragraph on My Favorite Toy

Paragraph Examples for 3rd Grade

• paragraph on my family
• paragraph on my hobby
• Paragraph on My Favorite Game
• Paragraph on A Trip to the Park

Paragraph Examples for 4th Grade

• paragraph on dengue fever
• Paragraph on My Favorite Season
• Paragraph on A Day at the Beach

Paragraph Examples for 5th Grade

• Paragraph on The Importance of Sharing
• Paragraph on My Favorite Animal

Paragraph Examples for Grade 6

• paragraph on a rainy day
• Paragraph on A Memorable Birthday
• Paragraph on A Visit to a Museum

Paragraph Examples for Grade 7

• paragraph on rainy season
• Paragraph on The Importance of Teamwork
• Paragraph on A School Event

Paragraph Examples for Grade 8

• Paragraph on A Historical Figure I Admire
• Paragraph on The Impact of Technology on Education

Paragraph Examples for Grade 9

• Paragraph on The Role of Social Media in Our Lives
• Paragraph on The Benefits of Reading

Paragraph Examples for Grade 10

• Paragraph on The Importance of Healthy Eating
• Paragraph on The Effects of Global Warming

Paragraph Examples for Grade 11

• Paragraph on The Influence of Music on Culture
• Paragraph on The Benefits of Learning a Second Language

Paragraph Examples for Grade 12

• Paragraph on Preparing for College
• Paragraph on The Importance of Time Management

Paragraph Examples College Students

• Paragraph on The Benefits of Internships
• Paragraph on Balancing Work and Study

Narrative Paragraph Examples

• happy birthday paragraph
• paragraph for her
• paragraph for him
• Paragraph Transitions

Types of Paragraphs

Understanding the different types of paragraphs can help enhance your writing by using the most effective structure for each part of your text. Here are the main types of paragraphs:

1. Descriptive Paragraph

A descriptive paragraph paints a vivid picture of a person, place, thing, or idea using detailed observations and sensory descriptions. It focuses on creating an immersive experience for the reader, helping them visualize and experience the subject through words.

2. Narrative Paragraph

A narrative paragraph tells a story or recounts events in a chronological order. It includes characters, a setting, and a plot, guiding the reader through the sequence of events. This type of paragraph aims to engage and entertain the reader with a clear storyline.

3. Expository Paragraph

An expository paragraph aims to explain, inform, or clarify a topic. It presents facts, definitions, and explanations in a logical and straightforward manner. The goal is to provide the reader with a clear understanding of the subject, using evidence and examples to support the information.

4. Persuasive Paragraph

A persuasive paragraph seeks to convince the reader of a particular viewpoint or argument. It presents reasons, evidence, and examples to support the writer’s position. The goal is to persuade the reader to agree with the writer’s perspective through logical reasoning and emotional appeal.

5. Comparative Paragraph

A comparative paragraph compares and contrasts two or more items, ideas, or concepts. It highlights similarities and differences, helping the reader understand the relative characteristics of each subject. This type of paragraph often uses transitional words to clearly indicate comparisons and contrasts.

6. Cause and Effect Paragraph

A cause and effect paragraph explains the reasons why something happened (cause) and the results that followed (effect). It analyzes the relationship between events, helping the reader understand the sequence and consequences. This type of paragraph often explores multiple causes and their effects.

7. Problem and Solution Paragraph

A problem and solution paragraph identifies a specific problem and proposes one or more solutions. It describes the issue in detail, explains its significance, and then offers practical and feasible solutions. The goal is to address the problem effectively and persuade the reader of the proposed solutions’ viability.

5-Paragraph Essay Template

4 Paragraph Cover Letter Format

Introduction Paragraph Format

Basic Paragraph Format

Organization Paragraph Format

Paragraph and Page Formatting

 Essay and Paragraph Format

Paragraph & Line Spacing Format

Body Paragraph Structure and Development

Chunked Paragraph Format

Dos and Don’ts of Paragraph 

Paragraph is crucial for clear and impactful communication. A well-structured paragraph helps convey your ideas logically and keeps the reader engaged. Here are some key dos and don’ts to keep in mind when crafting a paragraph.

How to Format/Write a Perfect Paragraph?

Before diving into the depths of paragraph formatting, it’s essential to recognize that the specific requirements may vary depending on the intended format of your writing. Whether you’re composing an email, working on a book, designing an outline format, or crafting a one-pager , understanding the purpose and context of your writing will guide your paragraph formatting decisions.

Step 1: Determine the Context:

Before delving into paragraph formatting, understand the context and purpose of your writing. Consider whether you’re writing an email, a book, an outline format, a one-pager, or an informative essay outline. Each format may have specific formatting requirements.

Step 2: Indentation:

Indentation plays a crucial role in paragraph formatting. For most formats, including books and essays, indent the first line of each paragraph. This indentation visually separates paragraphs and aids in readability. Use the tab key or the ruler in your word processing software to apply consistent indentation.

Step 3: Alignment

Ensure your paragraphs are aligned consistently throughout your writing. The most common alignment is left-aligned, where the left margin of each line is straight. Avoid center-aligning or right-aligning paragraphs unless the format specifically calls for it.

Step 4: Spacing

Consider the spacing between paragraphs to enhance readability. In some formats, such as emails or one-pagers, it’s beneficial to include blank lines or line breaks between paragraphs to create visual separation. However, in other formats like books or essays, single spacing without additional blank lines is typically preferred.

Step 5: Coherence and Unity

Maintain coherence and unity within each paragraph. A well-formatted paragraph should contain a clear topic sentence or main idea, followed by supporting sentences that expand on the main idea. Ensure there is a logical flow between sentences, guiding readers through your thoughts smoothly.

Step 6: Length and Consistency

Keep your paragraphs concise and focused. Long paragraphs can be overwhelming for readers, while short paragraphs can disrupt the flow of ideas. Aim for a balanced length and strive for consistency throughout your writing.

Is a paragraph 3 or 5 sentences?

A paragraph typically consists of 3 to 5 sentences. This range allows for a clear and concise expression of ideas, ensuring that each paragraph contains a complete thought or topic. While some paragraphs may extend beyond five sentences, especially in more complex writing, 3 to 5 sentences is a standard guideline.

How long is a paragraph?

A paragraph usually ranges from 100 to 200 words. This length allows for sufficient development of ideas while maintaining readability. Longer paragraphs may be appropriate in academic or detailed writing, but in general, keeping paragraphs within this word range ensures that the text remains accessible and engaging for readers.

Can a paragraph be 300 words?

Yes, a paragraph can be 300 words if it is well-structured and coherent. Longer paragraphs are often found in academic or technical writing where detailed explanations are necessary. However, for most writing, shorter paragraphs are preferred as they are easier to read and help maintain the reader’s interest and engagement.

Is a 150-word paragraph too short?

No, a 150-word paragraph is not too short; it is within the typical length range. Concise paragraphs can be very effective in conveying clear and focused ideas. In fact, shorter paragraphs are often used in digital content and journalism to enhance readability and ensure that key points are communicated efficiently.

In conclusion, maintaining a well-organized approach to tasks enhances productivity and efficiency. By prioritizing activities and managing time effectively, individuals can achieve their goals more successfully. Developing a disciplined routine fosters personal growth, reduces stress, and ensures steady progress in both professional and personal endeavors, leading to overall satisfaction and fulfillment.

Text prompt

• Instructive
• Professional

10 Examples of Public speaking

20 Examples of Gas lighting

What this handout is about

This handout will help you understand how paragraphs are formed, how to develop stronger paragraphs, and how to completely and clearly express your ideas.

What is a paragraph?

Paragraphs are the building blocks of papers. Many students define paragraphs in terms of length: a paragraph is a group of at least five sentences, a paragraph is half a page long, etc. In reality, though, the unity and coherence of ideas among sentences is what constitutes a paragraph. A paragraph is defined as “a group of sentences or a single sentence that forms a unit” (Lunsford and Connors 116). Length and appearance do not determine whether a section in a paper is a paragraph. For instance, in some styles of writing, particularly journalistic styles, a paragraph can be just one sentence long. Ultimately, a paragraph is a sentence or group of sentences that support one main idea. In this handout, we will refer to this as the “controlling idea,” because it controls what happens in the rest of the paragraph.

How do I decide what to put in a paragraph?

Before you can begin to determine what the composition of a particular paragraph will be, you must first decide on an argument and a working thesis statement for your paper. What is the most important idea that you are trying to convey to your reader? The information in each paragraph must be related to that idea. In other words, your paragraphs should remind your reader that there is a recurrent relationship between your thesis and the information in each paragraph. A working thesis functions like a seed from which your paper, and your ideas, will grow. The whole process is an organic one—a natural progression from a seed to a full-blown paper where there are direct, familial relationships between all of the ideas in the paper.

The decision about what to put into your paragraphs begins with the germination of a seed of ideas; this “germination process” is better known as brainstorming . There are many techniques for brainstorming; whichever one you choose, this stage of paragraph development cannot be skipped. Building paragraphs can be like building a skyscraper: there must be a well-planned foundation that supports what you are building. Any cracks, inconsistencies, or other corruptions of the foundation can cause your whole paper to crumble.

So, let’s suppose that you have done some brainstorming to develop your thesis. What else should you keep in mind as you begin to create paragraphs? Every paragraph in a paper should be :

• Unified : All of the sentences in a single paragraph should be related to a single controlling idea (often expressed in the topic sentence of the paragraph).
• Clearly related to the thesis : The sentences should all refer to the central idea, or thesis, of the paper (Rosen and Behrens 119).
• Coherent : The sentences should be arranged in a logical manner and should follow a definite plan for development (Rosen and Behrens 119).
• Well-developed : Every idea discussed in the paragraph should be adequately explained and supported through evidence and details that work together to explain the paragraph’s controlling idea (Rosen and Behrens 119).

How do I organize a paragraph?

There are many different ways to organize a paragraph. The organization you choose will depend on the controlling idea of the paragraph. Below are a few possibilities for organization, with links to brief examples:

• Narration : Tell a story. Go chronologically, from start to finish. ( See an example. )
• Description : Provide specific details about what something looks, smells, tastes, sounds, or feels like. Organize spatially, in order of appearance, or by topic. ( See an example. )
• Process : Explain how something works, step by step. Perhaps follow a sequence—first, second, third. ( See an example. )
• Classification : Separate into groups or explain the various parts of a topic. ( See an example. )
• Illustration : Give examples and explain how those examples support your point. (See an example in the 5-step process below.)

Illustration paragraph: a 5-step example

From the list above, let’s choose “illustration” as our rhetorical purpose. We’ll walk through a 5-step process for building a paragraph that illustrates a point in an argument. For each step there is an explanation and example. Our example paragraph will be about human misconceptions of piranhas.

Step 1. Decide on a controlling idea and create a topic sentence

Paragraph development begins with the formulation of the controlling idea. This idea directs the paragraph’s development. Often, the controlling idea of a paragraph will appear in the form of a topic sentence. In some cases, you may need more than one sentence to express a paragraph’s controlling idea.

Controlling idea and topic sentence — Despite the fact that piranhas are relatively harmless, many people continue to believe the pervasive myth that piranhas are dangerous to humans.

Step 2. Elaborate on the controlling idea

Paragraph development continues with an elaboration on the controlling idea, perhaps with an explanation, implication, or statement about significance. Our example offers a possible explanation for the pervasiveness of the myth.

Elaboration — This impression of piranhas is exacerbated by their mischaracterization in popular media.

Step 3. Give an example (or multiple examples)

Paragraph development progresses with an example (or more) that illustrates the claims made in the previous sentences.

Example — For example, the promotional poster for the 1978 horror film Piranha features an oversized piranha poised to bite the leg of an unsuspecting woman.

Step 4. Explain the example(s)

The next movement in paragraph development is an explanation of each example and its relevance to the topic sentence. The explanation should demonstrate the value of the example as evidence to support the major claim, or focus, in your paragraph.

Continue the pattern of giving examples and explaining them until all points/examples that the writer deems necessary have been made and explained. NONE of your examples should be left unexplained. You might be able to explain the relationship between the example and the topic sentence in the same sentence which introduced the example. More often, however, you will need to explain that relationship in a separate sentence.

Explanation for example — Such a terrifying representation easily captures the imagination and promotes unnecessary fear.

Notice that the example and explanation steps of this 5-step process (steps 3 and 4) can be repeated as needed. The idea is that you continue to use this pattern until you have completely developed the main idea of the paragraph.

Step 5. Complete the paragraph’s idea or transition into the next paragraph

The final movement in paragraph development involves tying up the loose ends of the paragraph. At this point, you can remind your reader about the relevance of the information to the larger paper, or you can make a concluding point for this example. You might, however, simply transition to the next paragraph.

Sentences for completing a paragraph — While the trope of the man-eating piranhas lends excitement to the adventure stories, it bears little resemblance to the real-life piranha. By paying more attention to fact than fiction, humans may finally be able to let go of this inaccurate belief.

Finished paragraph

Despite the fact that piranhas are relatively harmless, many people continue to believe the pervasive myth that piranhas are dangerous to humans. This impression of piranhas is exacerbated by their mischaracterization in popular media. For example, the promotional poster for the 1978 horror film Piranha features an oversized piranha poised to bite the leg of an unsuspecting woman. Such a terrifying representation easily captures the imagination and promotes unnecessary fear. While the trope of the man-eating piranhas lends excitement to the adventure stories, it bears little resemblance to the real-life piranha. By paying more attention to fact than fiction, humans may finally be able to let go of this inaccurate belief.

Troubleshooting paragraphs

Problem: the paragraph has no topic sentence.

Imagine each paragraph as a sandwich. The real content of the sandwich—the meat or other filling—is in the middle. It includes all the evidence you need to make the point. But it gets kind of messy to eat a sandwich without any bread. Your readers don’t know what to do with all the evidence you’ve given them. So, the top slice of bread (the first sentence of the paragraph) explains the topic (or controlling idea) of the paragraph. And, the bottom slice (the last sentence of the paragraph) tells the reader how the paragraph relates to the broader argument. In the original and revised paragraphs below, notice how a topic sentence expressing the controlling idea tells the reader the point of all the evidence.

Original paragraph

Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. When confronted with humans, piranhas’ first instinct is to flee, not attack. Their fear of humans makes sense. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. If the fish are well-fed, they won’t bite humans.

Revised paragraph

Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless. Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. When confronted with humans, piranhas’ first instinct is to flee, not attack. Their fear of humans makes sense. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. If the fish are well-fed, they won’t bite humans.

Once you have mastered the use of topic sentences, you may decide that the topic sentence for a particular paragraph really shouldn’t be the first sentence of the paragraph. This is fine—the topic sentence can actually go at the beginning, middle, or end of a paragraph; what’s important is that it is in there somewhere so that readers know what the main idea of the paragraph is and how it relates back to the thesis of your paper. Suppose that we wanted to start the piranha paragraph with a transition sentence—something that reminds the reader of what happened in the previous paragraph—rather than with the topic sentence. Let’s suppose that the previous paragraph was about all kinds of animals that people are afraid of, like sharks, snakes, and spiders. Our paragraph might look like this (the topic sentence is bold):

Like sharks, snakes, and spiders, piranhas are widely feared. Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless . Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. When confronted with humans, piranhas’ first instinct is to flee, not attack. Their fear of humans makes sense. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. If the fish are well-fed, they won’t bite humans.

Problem: the paragraph has more than one controlling idea

If a paragraph has more than one main idea, consider eliminating sentences that relate to the second idea, or split the paragraph into two or more paragraphs, each with only one main idea. Watch our short video on reverse outlining to learn a quick way to test whether your paragraphs are unified. In the following paragraph, the final two sentences branch off into a different topic; so, the revised paragraph eliminates them and concludes with a sentence that reminds the reader of the paragraph’s main idea.

Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, for the most part, entirely harmless. Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. When confronted with humans, piranhas’ first instinct is to flee, not attack. Their fear of humans makes sense. Far more piranhas are eaten by people than people are eaten by piranhas. A number of South American groups eat piranhas. They fry or grill the fish and then serve them with coconut milk or tucupi, a sauce made from fermented manioc juices.

Problem: transitions are needed within the paragraph

You are probably familiar with the idea that transitions may be needed between paragraphs or sections in a paper (see our handout on transitions ). Sometimes they are also helpful within the body of a single paragraph. Within a paragraph, transitions are often single words or short phrases that help to establish relationships between ideas and to create a logical progression of those ideas in a paragraph. This is especially likely to be true within paragraphs that discuss multiple examples. Let’s take a look at a version of our piranha paragraph that uses transitions to orient the reader:

Although most people consider piranhas to be quite dangerous, they are, except in two main situations, entirely harmless. Piranhas rarely feed on large animals; they eat smaller fish and aquatic plants. When confronted with humans, piranhas’ instinct is to flee, not attack. But there are two situations in which a piranha bite is likely. The first is when a frightened piranha is lifted out of the water—for example, if it has been caught in a fishing net. The second is when the water level in pools where piranhas are living falls too low. A large number of fish may be trapped in a single pool, and if they are hungry, they may attack anything that enters the water.

In this example, you can see how the phrases “the first” and “the second” help the reader follow the organization of the ideas in the paragraph.

Works consulted

We consulted these works while writing this handout. This is not a comprehensive list of resources on the handout’s topic, and we encourage you to do your own research to find additional publications. Please do not use this list as a model for the format of your own reference list, as it may not match the citation style you are using. For guidance on formatting citations, please see the UNC Libraries citation tutorial . We revise these tips periodically and welcome feedback.

Lunsford, Andrea. 2008. The St. Martin’s Handbook: Annotated Instructor’s Edition , 6th ed. New York: St. Martin’s.

Rosen, Leonard J., and Laurence Behrens. 2003. The Allyn & Bacon Handbook , 5th ed. New York: Longman.

You may reproduce it for non-commercial use if you use the entire handout and attribute the source: The Writing Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

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11 Rules for Essay Paragraph Structure (with Examples)

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

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How do you structure a paragraph in an essay?

If you’re like the majority of my students, you might be getting your basic essay paragraph structure wrong and getting lower grades than you could!

In this article, I outline the 11 key steps to writing a perfect paragraph. But, this isn’t your normal ‘how to write an essay’ article. Rather, I’ll try to give you some insight into exactly what teachers look out for when they’re grading essays and figuring out what grade to give them.

You can navigate each issue below, or scroll down to read them all:

1. Paragraphs must be at least four sentences long 2. But, at most seven sentences long 3. Your paragraph must be Left-Aligned 4. You need a topic sentence 5 . Next, you need an explanation sentence 6. You need to include an example 7. You need to include citations 8. All paragraphs need to be relevant to the marking criteria 9. Only include one key idea per paragraph 10. Keep sentences short 11. Keep quotes short

Paragraph structure is one of the most important elements of getting essay writing right .

As I cover in my Ultimate Guide to Writing an Essay Plan , paragraphs are the heart and soul of your essay.

However, I find most of my students have either:

• forgotten how to write paragraphs properly,
• gotten lazy, or
• never learned it in the first place!

Paragraphs in essay writing are different from paragraphs in other written genres .

In fact, the paragraphs that you are reading now would not help your grades in an essay.

That’s because I’m writing in journalistic style, where paragraph conventions are vastly different.

For those of you coming from journalism or creative writing, you might find you need to re-learn paragraph writing if you want to write well-structured essay paragraphs to get top grades.

Below are eleven reasons your paragraphs are losing marks, and what to do about it!

Essay Paragraph Structure Rules

1. your paragraphs must be at least 4 sentences long.

In journalism and blog writing, a one-sentence paragraph is great. It’s short, to-the-point, and helps guide your reader. For essay paragraph structure, one-sentence paragraphs suck.

A one-sentence essay paragraph sends an instant signal to your teacher that you don’t have much to say on an issue.

A short paragraph signifies that you know something – but not much about it. A one-sentence paragraph lacks detail, depth and insight.

Many students come to me and ask, “what does ‘add depth’ mean?” It’s one of the most common pieces of feedback you’ll see written on the margins of your essay.

Personally, I think ‘add depth’ is bad feedback because it’s a short and vague comment. But, here’s what it means: You’ve not explained your point enough!

If you’re writing one-, two- or three-sentence essay paragraphs, you’re costing yourself marks.

Always aim for at least four sentences per paragraph in your essays.

This doesn’t mean that you should add ‘fluff’ or ‘padding’ sentences.

Make sure you don’t:

a) repeat what you said in different words, or b) write something just because you need another sentence in there.

But, you need to do some research and find something insightful to add to that two-sentence paragraph if you want to ace your essay.

Check out Points 5 and 6 for some advice on what to add to that short paragraph to add ‘depth’ to your paragraph and start moving to the top of the class.

• How to Make an Essay Longer
• How to Make an Essay Shorter

2. Your Paragraphs must not be more than 7 Sentences Long

Okay, so I just told you to aim for at least four sentences per paragraph. So, what’s the longest your paragraph should be?

Seven sentences. That’s a maximum.

So, here’s the rule:

Between four and seven sentences is the sweet spot that you need to aim for in every single paragraph.

Here’s why your paragraphs shouldn’t be longer than seven sentences:

1. It shows you can organize your thoughts. You need to show your teacher that you’ve broken up your key ideas into manageable segments of text (see point 10)

2. It makes your work easier to read.   You need your writing to be easily readable to make it easy for your teacher to give you good grades. Make your essay easy to read and you’ll get higher marks every time.

One of the most important ways you can make your work easier to read is by writing paragraphs that are less than six sentences long.

3. It prevents teacher frustration. Teachers are just like you. When they see a big block of text their eyes glaze over. They get frustrated, lost, their mind wanders … and you lose marks.

To prevent teacher frustration, you need to ensure there’s plenty of white space in your essay. It’s about showing them that the piece is clearly structured into one key idea per ‘chunk’ of text.

Often, you might find that your writing contains tautologies and other turns of phrase that can be shortened for clarity.

3. Your Paragraph must be Left-Aligned

Turn off ‘Justified’ text and: Never. Turn. It. On. Again.

Justified text is where the words are stretched out to make the paragraph look like a square. It turns the writing into a block. Don’t do it. You will lose marks, I promise you! Win the psychological game with your teacher: left-align your text.

A good essay paragraph is never ‘justified’.

I’m going to repeat this, because it’s important: to prevent your essay from looking like a big block of muddy, hard-to-read text align your text to the left margin only.

You want white space on your page – and lots of it. White space helps your reader scan through your work. It also prevents it from looking like big blocks of text.

You want your reader reading vertically as much as possible: scanning, browsing, and quickly looking through for evidence you’ve engaged with the big ideas.

The justified text doesn’t help you do that. Justified text makes your writing look like a big, lumpy block of text that your reader doesn’t want to read.

What’s wrong with Center-Aligned Text?

While I’m at it, never, ever, center-align your text either. Center-aligned text is impossible to skim-read. Your teacher wants to be able to quickly scan down the left margin to get the headline information in your paragraph.

Not many people center-align text, but it’s worth repeating: never, ever center-align your essays.

Don’t annoy your reader. Left align your text.

4. Your paragraphs must have a Topic Sentence

The first sentence of an essay paragraph is called the topic sentence. This is one of the most important sentences in the correct essay paragraph structure style.

The topic sentence should convey exactly what key idea you’re going to cover in your paragraph.

Too often, students don’t let their reader know what the key idea of the paragraph is until several sentences in.

You must show what the paragraph is about in the first sentence.

You never, ever want to keep your reader in suspense. Essays are not like creative writing. Tell them straight away what the paragraph is about. In fact, if you can, do it in the first half of the first sentence .

I’ll remind you again: make it easy to grade your work. Your teacher is reading through your work trying to determine what grade to give you. They’re probably going to mark 20 assignments in one sitting. They have no interest in storytelling or creativity. They just want to know how much you know! State what the paragraph is about immediately and move on.

Suggested: Best Words to Start a Paragraph

Ideal Essay Paragraph Structure Example: Writing a Topic Sentence If your paragraph is about how climate change is endangering polar bears, say it immediately : “Climate change is endangering polar bears.” should be your first sentence in your paragraph. Take a look at first sentence of each of the four paragraphs above this one. You can see from the first sentence of each paragraph that the paragraphs discuss:

When editing your work, read each paragraph and try to distil what the one key idea is in your paragraph. Ensure that this key idea is mentioned in the first sentence .

(Note: if there’s more than one key idea in the paragraph, you may have a problem. See Point 9 below .)

The topic sentence is the most important sentence for getting your essay paragraph structure right. So, get your topic sentences right and you’re on the right track to a good essay paragraph.

5. You need an Explanation Sentence

All topic sentences need a follow-up explanation. The very first point on this page was that too often students write paragraphs that are too short. To add what is called ‘depth’ to a paragraph, you can come up with two types of follow-up sentences: explanations and examples.

Let’s take explanation sentences first.

Explanation sentences give additional detail. They often provide one of the following services:

Let’s go back to our example of a paragraph on Climate change endangering polar bears. If your topic sentence is “Climate change is endangering polar bears.”, then your follow-up explanation sentence is likely to explain how, why, where, or when. You could say:

Ideal Essay Paragraph Structure Example: Writing Explanation Sentences 1. How: “The warming atmosphere is melting the polar ice caps.” 2. Why: “The polar bears’ habitats are shrinking every single year.” 3. Where: “This is happening in the Antarctic ice caps near Greenland.” 4. When: “Scientists first noticed the ice caps were shrinking in 1978.”

You don’t have to provide all four of these options each time.

But, if you’re struggling to think of what to add to your paragraph to add depth, consider one of these four options for a good quality explanation sentence.

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6. Your need to Include an Example

Examples matter! They add detail. They also help to show that you genuinely understand the issue. They show that you don’t just understand a concept in the abstract; you also understand how things work in real life.

Example sentences have the added benefit of personalising an issue. For example, after saying “Polar bears’ habitats are shrinking”, you could note specific habitats, facts and figures, or even a specific story about a bear who was impacted.

Ideal Essay Paragraph Structure Example: Writing an ‘Example’ Sentence “For example, 770,000 square miles of Arctic Sea Ice has melted in the past four decades, leading Polar Bear populations to dwindle ( National Geographic, 2018 )

In fact, one of the most effective politicians of our times – Barrack Obama – was an expert at this technique. He would often provide examples of people who got sick because they didn’t have healthcare to sell Obamacare.

What effect did this have? It showed the real-world impact of his ideas. It humanised him, and got him elected president – twice!

Be like Obama. Provide examples. Often.

7. All Paragraphs need Citations

Provide a reference to an academic source in every single body paragraph in the essay. The only two paragraphs where you don’t need a reference is the introduction and conclusion .

Let me repeat: Paragraphs need at least one reference to a quality scholarly source .

Let me go even further:

Students who get the best marks provide two references to two different academic sources in every paragraph.

Two references in a paragraph show you’ve read widely, cross-checked your sources, and given the paragraph real thought.

It’s really important that these references link to academic sources, not random websites, blogs or YouTube videos. Check out our Seven Best types of Sources to Cite in Essays post to get advice on what sources to cite. Number 6 w ill surprise you!

Ideal Essay Paragraph Structure Example: In-Text Referencing in Paragraphs Usually, in-text referencing takes the format: (Author, YEAR), but check your school’s referencing formatting requirements carefully. The ‘Author’ section is the author’s last name only. Not their initials. Not their first name. Just their last name . My name is Chris Drew. First name Chris, last name Drew. If you were going to reference an academic article I wrote in 2019, you would reference it like this: (Drew, 2019).

Where do you place those two references?

Place the first reference at the end of the first half of the paragraph. Place the second reference at the end of the second half of the paragraph.

This spreads the references out and makes it look like all the points throughout the paragraph are backed up by your sources. The goal is to make it look like you’ve reference regularly when your teacher scans through your work.

Remember, teachers can look out for signposts that indicate you’ve followed academic conventions and mentioned the right key ideas.

Spreading your referencing through the paragraph helps to make it look like you’ve followed the academic convention of referencing sources regularly.

Here are some examples of how to reference twice in a paragraph:

• If your paragraph was six sentences long, you would place your first reference at the end of the third sentence and your second reference at the end of the sixth sentence.
• If your paragraph was five sentences long, I would recommend placing one at the end of the second sentence and one at the end of the fifth sentence.

You’ve just read one of the key secrets to winning top marks.

8. Every Paragraph must be relevant to the Marking Criteria

Every paragraph must win you marks. When you’re editing your work, check through the piece to see if every paragraph is relevant to the marking criteria.

For the British: In the British university system (I’m including Australia and New Zealand here – I’ve taught at universities in all three countries), you’ll usually have a ‘marking criteria’. It’s usually a list of between two and six key learning outcomes your teacher needs to use to come up with your score. Sometimes it’s called a:

• Marking criteria
• Marking rubric
• (Key) learning outcome
• Indicative content

Check your assignment guidance to see if this is present. If so, use this list of learning outcomes to guide what you write. If your paragraphs are irrelevant to these key points, delete the paragraph .

Paragraphs that don’t link to the marking criteria are pointless. They won’t win you marks.

For the Americans: If you don’t have a marking criteria / rubric / outcomes list, you’ll need to stick closely to the essay question or topic. This goes out to those of you in the North American system. North America (including USA and Canada here) is often less structured and the professor might just give you a topic to base your essay on.

If all you’ve got is the essay question / topic, go through each paragraph and make sure each paragraph is relevant to the topic.

For example, if your essay question / topic is on “The Effects of Climate Change on Polar Bears”,

• Don’t talk about anything that doesn’t have some connection to climate change and polar bears;
• Don’t talk about the environmental impact of oil spills in the Gulf of Carpentaria;
• Don’t talk about black bear habitats in British Columbia.
• Do talk about the effects of climate change on polar bears (and relevant related topics) in every single paragraph .

You may think ‘stay relevant’ is obvious advice, but at least 20% of all essays I mark go off on tangents and waste words.

Stay on topic in Every. Single. Paragraph. If you want to learn more about how to stay on topic, check out our essay planning guide .

9. Only have one Key Idea per Paragraph

One key idea for each paragraph. One key idea for each paragraph. One key idea for each paragraph.

Don’t forget!

Too often, a student starts a paragraph talking about one thing and ends it talking about something totally different. Don’t be that student.

To ensure you’re focussing on one key idea in your paragraph, make sure you know what that key idea is. It should be mentioned in your topic sentence (see Point 3 ). Every other sentence in the paragraph adds depth to that one key idea.

If you’ve got sentences in your paragraph that are not relevant to the key idea in the paragraph, they don’t fit. They belong in another paragraph.

Go through all your paragraphs when editing your work and check to see if you’ve veered away from your paragraph’s key idea. If so, you might have two or even three key ideas in the one paragraph.

You’re going to have to get those additional key ideas, rip them out, and give them paragraphs of their own.

If you have more than one key idea in a paragraph you will lose marks. I promise you that.

The paragraphs will be too hard to read, your reader will get bogged down reading rather than scanning, and you’ll have lost grades.

10. Keep Sentences Short

If a sentence is too long it gets confusing. When the sentence is confusing, your reader will stop reading your work. They will stop reading the paragraph and move to the next one. They’ll have given up on your paragraph.

Short, snappy sentences are best.

Shorter sentences are easier to read and they make more sense. Too often, students think they have to use big, long, academic words to get the best marks. Wrong. Aim for clarity in every sentence in the paragraph. Your teacher will thank you for it.

The students who get the best marks write clear, short sentences.

When editing your draft, go through your essay and see if you can shorten your longest five sentences.

(To learn more about how to write the best quality sentences, see our page on Seven ways to Write Amazing Sentences .)

11. Keep Quotes Short

Eighty percent of university teachers hate quotes. That’s not an official figure. It’s my guestimate based on my many interactions in faculty lounges. Twenty percent don’t mind them, but chances are your teacher is one of the eight out of ten who hate quotes.

Teachers tend to be turned off by quotes because it makes it look like you don’t know how to say something on your own words.

Now that I’ve warned you, here’s how to use quotes properly:

Ideal Essay Paragraph Structure Example: How To Use Quotes in University-Level Essay Paragraphs 1. Your quote should be less than one sentence long. 2. Your quote should be less than one sentence long. 3. You should never start a sentence with a quote. 4. You should never end a paragraph with a quote. 5 . You should never use more than five quotes per essay. 6. Your quote should never be longer than one line in a paragraph.

The minute your teacher sees that your quote takes up a large chunk of your paragraph, you’ll have lost marks.

Your teacher will circle the quote, write a snarky comment in the margin, and not even bother to give you points for the key idea in the paragraph.

Avoid quotes, but if you really want to use them, follow those five rules above.

I’ve also provided additional pages outlining Seven tips on how to use Quotes if you want to delve deeper into how, when and where to use quotes in essays. Be warned: quoting in essays is harder than you thought.

Follow the advice above and you’ll be well on your way to getting top marks at university.

Writing essay paragraphs that are well structured takes time and practice. Don’t be too hard on yourself and keep on trying!

Below is a summary of our 11 key mistakes for structuring essay paragraphs and tips on how to avoid them.

I’ve also provided an easy-to-share infographic below that you can share on your favorite social networking site. Please share it if this article has helped you out!

11 Biggest Essay Paragraph Structure Mistakes you’re probably Making

1.  Your paragraphs are too short 2.  Your paragraphs are too long 3.  Your paragraph alignment is ‘Justified’ 4.  Your paragraphs are missing a topic sentence 5 .  Your paragraphs are missing an explanation sentence 6.  Your paragraphs are missing an example 7.  Your paragraphs are missing references 8.  Your paragraphs are not relevant to the marking criteria 9.  You’re trying to fit too many ideas into the one paragraph 10.  Your sentences are too long 11.  Your quotes are too long

• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 10 Reasons you’re Perpetually Single
• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 20 Montessori Toddler Bedrooms (Design Inspiration)
• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 21 Montessori Homeschool Setups
• Chris Drew (PhD) https://helpfulprofessor.com/author/chris-drew-phd-2/ 101 Hidden Talents Examples

4 thoughts on “11 Rules for Essay Paragraph Structure (with Examples)”

Hello there. I noticed that throughout this article on Essay Writing, you keep on saying that the teacher won’t have time to go through the entire essay. Don’t you think this is a bit discouraging that with all the hard work and time put into your writing, to know that the teacher will not read through the entire paper?

Hi Clarence,

Thanks so much for your comment! I love to hear from readers on their thoughts.

Yes, I agree that it’s incredibly disheartening.

But, I also think students would appreciate hearing the truth.

Behind closed doors many / most university teachers are very open about the fact they ‘only have time to skim-read papers’. They regularly bring this up during heated faculty meetings about contract negotiations! I.e. in one university I worked at, we were allocated 45 minutes per 10,000 words – that’s just over 4 minutes per 1,000 word essay, and that’d include writing the feedback, too!

If students know the truth, they can better write their essays in a way that will get across the key points even from a ‘skim-read’.

I hope to write candidly on this website – i.e. some of this info will never be written on university blogs because universities want to hide these unfortunate truths from students.

Thanks so much for stopping by!

Regards, Chris

This is wonderful and helpful, all I say is thank you very much. Because I learned a lot from this site, own by chris thank you Sir.

Thank you. This helped a lot.

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11 Types of Paragraphs in Academic Writing (with Examples)

The types of paragraphs in academic writing whose examples you will discover in this tutorial include the narrative paragraph, descriptive paragraph, expository paragraph and persuasive paragraph. Others are the definition paragraph, process paragraph, compare and contrast paragraph, introduction paragraph and concluding paragraph.

But the above is not the complete list of types of paragraphs we shall be looking at. You really need to continue reading if you want to learn more about the various types and examples of paragraphs in academic English writing.

Are you ready? Let’s do it.

Types of Paragraphs

There are several types of paragraphs. In writing, each paragraph has a specific purpose.

Please note that it is possible to combine these types of paragraphs within a larger piece of writing to create well-structured essays, reports, and articles.

Also, the choice of a particular paragraph type depends on the writer’s purpose as well as the message they want to convey to their audience.

If you are a high school or university student, here are some common types of paragraphs you need to know.

1. Introduction Paragraph

The introduction paragraph is one of those types of paragraphs you cannot afford to overlook in most academic English writing situations.

An introduction paragraph is the opening section of an essay, article, or any written piece. Its primary purpose is to grab the reader’s attention, provide essential context, and present the thesis statement or main idea of the entire work.

Please, note the following vital features of a typical introduction paragraph.

An introduction paragraph starts with a hook.

A hook is a compelling sentence or phrase designed to capture the reader’s interest. It can be a surprising fact, a thought-provoking question, a relevant quote, or a vivid description.

Always ensure that the hook has a bearing on the topic of your essay.

Background Information

Another important element of an introduction paragraph is its background information.

After the hook, you often provide some background information. The purpose of this background information is to help readers understand the broader context of your topic.

For instance, if you are writing about a historical event, you might briefly mention when and where it happened.

Thesis Statement

The most critical part of an introduction in paragraph writing is the thesis statement. This is a clear and concise sentence that states the main argument or purpose of your essay.

It is the thesis statement that tells the reader what your essay will be about and what position you’re taking.

Always ensure that your thesis statement is as specific and arguable as possible.

You can find practical examples of thesis statements at the end of this post.

Finally, some introduction paragraphs include a brief roadmap. Think of the roadmap as an outline of the main points that will be covered in the essay.

Thus, the roadmap gives readers a preview of what to expect in the main essay.

Please, check out examples of roadmaps in paragraph writing at the end of this tutorial.

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2. Narrative Paragraph

Narrative paragraphs tell a story or recount a series of events. They often include details about characters, settings, and actions as part of the overall narrative structure.

3. Descriptive Paragraph

Descriptive paragraphs focus on details that paint a clear picture of a person, place, object, or experience.

They appeal to the reader’s senses of sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch among others.

4. Expository (Informational) Paragraph

Expository paragraphs provide factual information and explanations about a specific topic. They aim to educate the reader and often include statistics, examples, or evidence to support their points.

5. Persuasive Paragraph

The primary purpose of persuasive paragraphs is to convince the reader to adopt a particular viewpoint or take a specific action.

Such paragraphs present arguments and evidence that appeal to the audience’s emotions as a way to convince them.

6. Compare and Contrast Paragraph

Among the types of paragraphs that high school and college students will, at some point in their academic journey, be compelled to write is the compare and contrast paragraph.

These paragraphs highlight the similarities and differences between two or more subjects or ideas.

Typically, compare and contrast paragraphs help readers understand the relationships between the concepts, ideas or objects under consideration.

7. Cause and Effect Paragraph

Cause and effect paragraphs explain the reasons (causes) behind a particular event or situation and the outcomes (effects) that result from such.

Simply put, compare and contrast paragraphs show the cause-and-effect relationship between events.

8. Process Paragraph

Have you ever written an essay in which you needed to describe how something is done? For example, you might have described the process of preparing a particular dish.

Types of paragraphs that describe a series of steps or actions in an orderly sequence are what we call process paragraphs.

Process paragraphs provide a clear guide on how to do something or how something works.

9. Definition Paragraph

Definition paragraphs clarify the meaning of a term, concept, or idea. This type of paragraph often includes both dictionary definitions and explanations in the writer’s own words.

10. Illustration (Example) Paragraph

Illustration paragraphs provide specific examples to support a point. In other words, they illustrate a concept.

The main objective of illustration paragraphs is to make abstract ideas more concrete and relatable.

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11. Concluding (Summarizing) Paragraph

Concluding paragraphs summarize the main points of an essay or section. This type of paragraph gives a brief recap of the key ideas discussed.

In a nutshell, a concluding paragraph helps tie the piece of writing together.

Types of Paragraph Examples

Find below a practical demonstration of the various types of paragraphs in academic writing. These paragraph examples should further clarify the points we’ve been discussing in this tutorial (and related ones) about paragraph writing best practices.

I’ve tried to use a wide variety of paragraph-writing topics to help you get a full feel of the things you need to do to come up with your best paragraphs.

Introduction Paragraph Example

Here’s an example of an introduction paragraph for an essay about the importance of lifelong learning:

“Did you know that in today’s rapidly changing world, the skills and knowledge you acquire today may become obsolete in just a few years? The concept of lifelong learning has never been more crucial. In this essay, we will explore the significance of continuous learning in personal and professional development. Lifelong learning empowers individuals to adapt to new challenges, seize opportunities, and lead fulfilling lives. We are about to discuss the reasons why lifelong learning is a key to personal growth and success in the 21st century.”

This introduction begins with a hook (the mention of rapidly changing skills), provides background information (the importance of lifelong learning), presents a clear thesis statement (the significance of continuous learning), and offers a roadmap (mentioning the reasons why it’s essential).

An effective introduction sets the tone for your entire essay. It entices the reader to continue reading so as to learn more about your topic.

Narrative Paragraph Example

The sun hung low in the sky, casting long shadows across the sandy beach. As I walked along the shoreline, the gentle waves lapped at my feet, and seagulls soared overhead. It was the perfect evening for a beachside picnic with friends, a memory I’ll cherish forever.

Descriptive Paragraph Example

Nestled in the heart of the forest, the cabin stood in solitude. Its weathered wooden walls, adorned with ivy, seemed like a time capsule from another era. A small creek whispered nearby, and the scent of pine trees filled the air. This tranquil retreat offered respite from the chaos of city life.

Expository Paragraph Example

Photosynthesis is a crucial process in the plant kingdom. During this remarkable transformation, plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. This energy-conversion process not only sustains plants but also provides the oxygen we breathe, underscoring its significance in the ecosystem.

Persuasive Paragraph Example

The impact of climate change on our planet is undeniable. Rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and melting ice caps are clear signs of the crisis. It’s our moral duty to take action now. By reducing our carbon footprint, supporting renewable energy, and advocating for sustainable policies, we can collectively combat this urgent threat and preserve our planet for future generations.

Definition Paragraph Example

Resilience is a quality that many admire and aspire to cultivate. It refers to the ability to bounce back from adversity, to withstand challenges and setbacks, and to adapt in the face of change. Resilience is not the absence of difficulties but the capacity to navigate them with strength and determination.

Concluding Paragraph Examples

The below two examples of concluding paragraphs are suitable for a school prefect’s speech about the achievements and challenges facing their school.

Example 1 – Inspirational Conclusion

In closing, as we reflect on our school’s remarkable achievements and the challenges we have faced, I want to leave you with this thought. Our school’s journey has been marked by resilience, unity, and an unwavering commitment to excellence. Yes, we have encountered obstacles, but they’ve only strengthened our resolve to overcome them. Together, we can turn challenges into opportunities, and achievements into stepping stones for an even brighter future. Let’s carry the spirit of determination forward, and with our collective efforts, there’s no doubt that we shall continue to shine as a beacon of education and inspiration. Thank you.

Example 2 – Call to Action Conclusion

In conclusion, our school’s journey has been one of both triumphs and trials. But remember, challenges are what make our victories even sweeter. As we move forward, let’s not only celebrate our achievements but also channel our energy into addressing the challenges that lie ahead. Let’s work together, students, teachers, parents, and staff, to create solutions and forge a path toward an even more prosperous future for our school. With determination and collaboration, there’s no challenge too great, and there’s no limit to what we can achieve. Thank you for your attention, and let’s embrace this exciting journey ahead.

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We cannot finish this discussion of the various types of paragraphs in academic English writing without taking a brief look at some examples of certain parts of the introduction paragraph.

I’m referring specifically to examples of the thesis statement and the roadmap.

Thesis Statement Examples

Next, we shall have examples of thesis statements that can be used as part of an introduction paragraph for different essay topics.

Essay on Climate Change

In this essay, we will explore the impact of human activities on climate change and argue that urgent action is needed to mitigate its consequences, protect our environment, and secure a sustainable future for generations unborn.

Essay on Technology’s Influence on Society

This essay will examine the profound influence of technology on modern society. We shall highlight both its benefits and challenges, and emphasise the need for responsible and ethical technological advancement.

Essay on the Importance of Education

In today’s knowledge-driven world, education plays a pivotal role in individual growth and societal progress. This essay will discuss the significance of education as a catalyst for personal development and social change.

Essay on Gender Equality

Gender equality is a fundamental human right, yet disparities persist in many aspects of life. This essay will analyze the ongoing challenges and advocate for a more equitable society that values and empowers all genders.

Essay on the Impact of Literature on Society

Throughout history, literature has served as a reflection of society, offering insights into culture, values, and human experiences. This essay will explore how literature has shaped and influenced societies, leaving a lasting impact on our collective consciousness.

Roadmap Examples in Paragraph Writing

Have a look at the below examples of roadmaps in paragraph writing.

Example 1 – Roadmap for an Argumentative Essay

“In this argumentative essay, we will explore the controversial topic of mandatory vaccinations. First, we will establish the importance of vaccinations in preventing the spread of diseases and protecting public health. Next, we will delve into the arguments against mandatory vaccinations, addressing concerns about personal freedom and potential risks. Then, we will present counterarguments to refute these concerns and emphasize the collective responsibility for community immunity. Finally, we will conclude with a call to action, advocating for informed vaccination decisions and the greater good.”

In this roadmap, each step of the argumentative essay is clearly outlined, from introducing the topic to presenting arguments and counterarguments to concluding with a call to action.

Example 2 – Roadmap for a Descriptive Paragraph

“This descriptive paragraph will paint a vivid picture of a bustling farmer’s market on a sunny Saturday morning. First, we will set the scene by describing the location and the time of day, creating a sense of time and place. Then, we will explore the vibrant colours and diverse array of fresh produce, capturing the sensory experience of the market. Next, we will highlight the sounds and aromas that fill the air, immersing the reader in the bustling atmosphere. Finally, we will conclude by conveying the overall sense of community and vitality that defines this beloved local market.”

In this roadmap, the descriptive paragraph is broken down into steps that guide the reader through a sensory journey of the farmer’s market, from the setting to the details that make it come to life.

Related Posts

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Closing Thoughts

The above examples of types of paragraphs in academic writing should serve as a guide as you develop your skills in constructing your best paragraphs. In case you are a tutor, I believe that using this resource to help your students learn how to write the various types of paragraphs in any academic setting or in life situations, in general, will immensely advance your teaching objectives.

Finally, there is a lot more you can learn about essay writing at Cegast Academy. So make sure to look around for as much information as you can.

Did you find this information useful? Then share it on your favourite social media platform for the benefit of others you care about. Thank you!

Cegast Academy empowers students, mature learners, teachers, and parents with top-notch educational resources and publishing services. The centre boasts of a rich experience in English and Literature tutoring with a proven track record. Since 2001, Cegast Academy has successfully coached thousands of High School General Arts WASSCE candidates in English, Literature, and related subjects. With a combination of expertise and a passion for lifelong learning, the platform guides learners from diverse backgrounds to achieve their educational and career goals.

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On Paragraphs

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

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What is a paragraph?

A paragraph is a collection of related sentences dealing with a single topic. Learning to write good paragraphs will help you as a writer stay on track during your drafting and revision stages. Good paragraphing also greatly assists your readers in following a piece of writing. You can have fantastic ideas, but if those ideas aren't presented in an organized fashion, you will lose your readers (and fail to achieve your goals in writing).

The Basic Rule: Keep one idea to one paragraph

The basic rule of thumb with paragraphing is to keep one idea to one paragraph. If you begin to transition into a new idea, it belongs in a new paragraph. There are some simple ways to tell if you are on the same topic or a new one. You can have one idea and several bits of supporting evidence within a single paragraph. You can also have several points in a single paragraph as long as they relate to the overall topic of the paragraph. If the single points start to get long, then perhaps elaborating on each of them and placing them in their own paragraphs is the route to go.

Elements of a paragraph

To be as effective as possible, a paragraph should contain each of the following: Unity, Coherence, A Topic Sentence, and Adequate Development. As you will see, all of these traits overlap. Using and adapting them to your individual purposes will help you construct effective paragraphs.

The entire paragraph should concern itself with a single focus. If it begins with one focus or major point of discussion, it should not end with another or wander within different ideas.

Coherence is the trait that makes the paragraph easily understandable to a reader. You can help create coherence in your paragraphs by creating logical bridges and verbal bridges.

Logical bridges

• The same idea of a topic is carried over from sentence to sentence
• Successive sentences can be constructed in parallel form

Verbal bridges

• Key words can be repeated in several sentences
• Synonymous words can be repeated in several sentences
• Pronouns can refer to nouns in previous sentences
• Transition words can be used to link ideas from different sentences

A topic sentence

A topic sentence is a sentence that indicates in a general way what idea or thesis the paragraph is going to deal with. Although not all paragraphs have clear-cut topic sentences, and despite the fact that topic sentences can occur anywhere in the paragraph (as the first sentence, the last sentence, or somewhere in the middle), an easy way to make sure your reader understands the topic of the paragraph is to put your topic sentence near the beginning of the paragraph. (This is a good general rule for less experienced writers, although it is not the only way to do it). Regardless of whether you include an explicit topic sentence or not, you should be able to easily summarize what the paragraph is about.

Adequate development

The topic (which is introduced by the topic sentence) should be discussed fully and adequately. Again, this varies from paragraph to paragraph, depending on the author's purpose, but writers should be wary of paragraphs that only have two or three sentences. It's a pretty good bet that the paragraph is not fully developed if it is that short.

Some methods to make sure your paragraph is well-developed:

• Use examples and illustrations
• Cite data (facts, statistics, evidence, details, and others)
• Examine testimony (what other people say such as quotes and paraphrases)
• Use an anecdote or story
• Define terms in the paragraph
• Compare and contrast
• Evaluate causes and reasons
• Examine effects and consequences
• Analyze the topic
• Describe the topic
• Offer a chronology of an event (time segments)

How do I know when to start a new paragraph?

You should start a new paragraph when:

• When you begin a new idea or point. New ideas should always start in new paragraphs. If you have an extended idea that spans multiple paragraphs, each new point within that idea should have its own paragraph.
• To contrast information or ideas. Separate paragraphs can serve to contrast sides in a debate, different points in an argument, or any other difference.
• When your readers need a pause. Breaks between paragraphs function as a short "break" for your readers—adding these in will help your writing be more readable. You would create a break if the paragraph becomes too long or the material is complex.
• When you are ending your introduction or starting your conclusion. Your introductory and concluding material should always be in a new paragraph. Many introductions and conclusions have multiple paragraphs depending on their content, length, and the writer's purpose.

Transitions and signposts

Two very important elements of paragraphing are signposts and transitions. Signposts are internal aids to assist readers; they usually consist of several sentences or a paragraph outlining what the article has covered and where the article will be going.

Transitions are usually one or several sentences that "transition" from one idea to the next. Transitions can be used at the end of most paragraphs to help the paragraphs flow one into the next.

What is a Paragraph? Definition, Examples of Paragraphs

Home » The Writer’s Dictionary » What is a Paragraph? Definition, Examples of Paragraphs

Paragraph definition: A paragraph is a unit of writing in a larger body of work. A paragraph expresses a particular topic or theme.

What is a Paragraph?

A paragraph is a component of fictional prose and non-fiction writings.

When writing essays, research papers, books, etc., new paragraphs are indented to show their beginnings. Each new paragraph begins with a new indentation.

The purpose of a paragraph is to express a speaker’s thoughts on a particular point in a clear way that is unique and specific to that paragraph. In other words, paragraphs shouldn’t be mixing thoughts or ideas. When a new idea is introduced, generally, a writer will introduce a new paragraph.

Basic Paragraph Structure: How to Layout a Paragraph

In non-fiction writing, a body paragraph is any paragraph that comes between the introduction and the conclusion.

A good body paragraph will have the following:

Topic Sentence

Supporting Sentences

What is a supporting sentence? The supporting sentences of a paragraph are the sentences between the topic sentence and the concluding sentence. The supporting sentences “support” the topic sentence. That is, they explain and elaborate the point of the paragraph.

Concluding Sentence

Other Features of Paragraphs

A good paragraph contains many elements. Here are just a few of them.

Unity, Coherence

A paragraph should be organized in a way that it builds appropriately. This could be by sequence of ideas or events. Additionally, transitions should be used from one sentence to the next that connect the ideas and concepts.

Adequate Development

In order for a paragraph to be considered “adequate” or “sufficient,” the paragraph should be well-developed. The reader should not be left wanting more information.

Similarly, the paragraph should include enough evidence to support its topic sentence.

Transitions

One paragraph should logically flow to the next. The ideas in a body of work should be organized so each paragraph transitions well to the next. It should not be choppy.

Additionally, verbal transitions within and between paragraphs should help the reader move seamlessly through the piece of writing.

How Long is a Paragraph?

Paragraphs need to be long enough to express any given idea (long enough to thoroughly explain the topic sentence).

Research papers may call for paragraphs ten sentences or longer.

The overall topic of the writing and content will determine the length of a paragraph. Unfortunately, there is no single number of sentences to a good paragraph.

A general rule of thumb is to begin with a topic sentence; develop that topic well with evidence, examples, and explanations; and conclude the paragraph appropriately.

Summary: What are Paragraphs?

Define paragraph: the definition of paragraph is a group of sentence in which a single topic is developed.

In summary, a paragraph is:

• a unit of writing
• used in non-fiction and fictional prose
• a part of writing that expresses a certain topic

Paragraph: Definition, Structure and Useful Examples of Paragraphs

When it comes to writing, there is a multitude of things to consider. The term paragraph is often heard but what exactly is a paragraph and how are they used effectively within writing? In this article, we are going to be looking at the definition of a paragraph as well as how they are used. We are going to be taking a look at some examples of the paragraph to gain a better understanding of their function.

What Is A Paragraph?

A paragraph is a block of sentences within a larger piece of writing, this piece of writing could be fictional, an essay , an article or any other piece of written text. Most commonly, a paragraph will be used to discuss a particular theme within the writing, for example, if a piece of writing is talking about animals , the author might use different paragraphs in order to discuss each individual animal to be talked about.

Learn more about how to write an introduction paragraph and a conclusion paragraph .

What Is A Paragraph Used For?

As we have discovered, the paragraph is used within a larger body of writing to separate ideas and themes, but there are many ways in which the paragraph functions. Let’s take a look at some of the things that a paragraph does and the rules that need to be followed when writing one.

• Each paragraph within the writing is used to discuss a specific thought or idea. Mixing ideas and thoughts within a paragraph should not be done and if a new idea needs to be discussed, a new paragraph should be started.
• A paragraph within a book will usually begin with an indentation to signal the start of the new paragraph.
• When writing non-fiction works, a body paragraph is one which appears anywhere between the introduction and the conclusion of the piece of writing and is usually constructed in a particular way.
• The topic sentence will appear at the beginning of the paragraph and will give the reader an idea of what the paragraph is about. It should not be too long or over-explain the idea but should be broad enough to give a clear explanation of the topic to the reader.
• Within the main bulk of the paragraph, the author will write supporting sentences which are used to layout the ideas and thoughts that the paragraph is being used to talk about.
• The final sentence in a paragraph should be used as a conclusion. It is used to wrap up the paragraph and, if necessary lead into the following paragraph.
• Each paragraph should flow and should ideally use transitions as a way of linking thoughts and ideas to one another.
• A paragraph should provide all the information that the reader needs to know and should never leave the reader with a sense of incomplete knowledge.

How Long Should A Paragraph Be?

Whilst there is no set rule for how long a paragraph is ‘allowed’ to be , there are suggestions that a good paragraph should not exceed five sentences.

The length of the paragraph will depend highly on what it needs to discuss and the information within it. There are certain things that each paragraph should adhere to, let’s take a look at these rules.

• A paragraph should be  unified  meaning that each of its sentences should relate to one controlling idea, which is quite commonly shown in the topic sentence.
• The paragraph should  clearly relate to the thesis  meaning that each of the sentences should relate to the thesis or central idea of the piece of writing.
• A paragraph should be fully  coherent meaning that each of the sentences should be organised in a way which is logically making it easy for the reader to understand.
• The paragraph should be  well-developed  meaning that each thought or idea which is discussed should be explained adequately and be supported with data or evidence which help in explaining the controlling idea of the paragraph.

How Should A Paragraph Be Organized?

How you organize your paragraph will depend on the type of paragraph that you are writing. We will now look at some of the various ways you can organise your paragraph as well as looking at an example for each of these.

This type of paragraph is used as a way to tell a story and should be written in chronological (time) order. Let’s see an example of a good narration paragraph.

A man from North Carolina was met with quite the surprise last year whilst river fishing: a piranha . The man reeled in a 1lb 4 ounce fish that has an unusual bite, he could not correctly identify it but a fisherman nearby was able to. At first, he couldn’t believe that he had caught a piranha. He said ‘That’s no piranha, they don’t live around here.’ And he was right, the piranha is usually native to South America and the state of North Carolina has prohibited keeping the fish domestically and bringing it into local waters. This carnivorous fish had likely ended up here as a result of an illegal owner had released it into the river. Officials are hoping that this was the only one in the river but the locals are now wary when entering the water.

Description

A description paragraph will give specific details which appeal to the sense such as how something smells, looks, tastes feels or sounds. This type of paragraph should be ordered in terms of appearance or by topic.

My mother is a tall woman with broad shoulders and a short, cropped hairstyle. Often people mistake her for being male, and this irks her somewhat because she prides herself on her feminine rituals. She always smells of roses due to the excessive amount of perfume she uses and her skin feels like a newborn baby’s. Her silky voice is soft and shows off her caring nature. Despite her imposing build, her femininity exudes from every part of her.

The process paragraph is one which is used to explain something in steps. It is usually laid out and organised as a sequence. Let’s take a look at an example of this.

To prepare the sauce firstly, you should add the chicken stock to the pan along with two cloves of garlic. Secondly, after the mixture has begun to simmer you should sprinkle in the oregano and basil and allow the sauce to cook for two minutes. Finally, you can add in some cornstarch to thicken the liquid and it is now ready to pour over the meat.

Classification

This type of paragraph will explain the particular parts of the topic, separating them into groups. Here is an example of a classification paragraph.

First dates can be categorized as clingy, boastful, awkward or successful. The successful first date will be made up of both people expressing ideas about who they are, what they like and so on. These dates usually end in a plan for a second meeting. A clingy date will end up with one person almost begging to hear information about the other person. But the non-clingy person will not be interested. On a boastful date, one person will talk exclusively about their own talents or skills. The second person is not asked about themselves. An awkward first date will usually involve a lot of silence with both people unaware of how to act. Whilst there are many dates happening every day, they usually fall into one of these categories.

Illustration

An illustration paragraph is one which is used to give examples and show how the examples can be used to prove the author’s point. Let’s take a look at an example of this type of paragraph.

A wrestler will put in a lot of time and effort to be able to be considered to be great or even good. A wrestler will run 5 miles each morning and will lift weights with his team each morning. Practising the sport can be done fro around 2 hours per day and can include takedowns or other technical work. The wrestler will also take part in live matches which involve intense conditioning afterwards. A lot of serious wrestlers are required to put in even more hard work by performing 100 takedowns and stand-ups each day, in order to make themselves better. Strict workouts and good diet are the foundation of the lives of a lot of wrestlers by controlling their weight limit week by week. To be a wrestler, one must be mentally as well as physically tough. This is a sport for men, not boys.

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