essay on html language

Essay On HTML

HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, is the programming language used to build the internet. It is the standard language for web programming, along with CSS and JavaScript. This open-format, text-based type code is extremely versatile, and can be used to embed additional programming languages such as JavaScript. HTML is made up of different elements called tags that dictate the structure of the webpage that are then translated by a web browser into a user-friendly form. Yale Student Developer and Mentorship Program Created and maintained by Yale University, this resource contains information on HTML and web development. St. Mary’s University Department of Mathematics and Computer Science A collection of useful links for those working in web …show more content…

John Hurst’s Links Page John Hurst has brought together a collection of HTML related links useful for learners and professionals alike. This link list is broken down by subject for easier navigation and contains information on topics like document technology and computer systems. Bozho’s Site A collection of links to fit almost any interest from agriculture to zoology, Bozho’s page contains an extensive list of links for HTML programming, as well as links for other programming languages, computer systems, as well as links to academic journals, universities and networking sites. Bandit’s Hideout A webpage for those looking to design their own, Bandit’s Hideout contains useful links to help you build your own webpage using HTML, as well as links for those looking to expand into DHTML, CSS, and JavaScript. Once you’ve built your page, take advantage of Bandit’s links to website testing tools. Maintaining Your Website from the Colorado School of Mines Want to improve your website, but need a place to start? The Colorado School of Mines has gathered a short but detailed list of links to help webpage owners maintain their sites, including information on basic HTML coding. Learn More about Web Programming and Coding How to Become a Software Developer Being a software developer takes more than an education. This simple guide from the University of Chicago outlines how to become a successful software developer, even if

Snhu It-200 Milestone 2

At Swagger Distribution, the interest in designing a website is a wonderful aspect to have in the society we live in today. Key concepts that are important when it comes to designing a website is necessary to know before getting started. First knowing what language you want the website designed in, can be beneficial based on what the company wants to do. HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is a language that creates the website. Hypertext allows someone to move around the web. When clicking on a text in an HTML website is called a Hyperlink. Markup is what the tags do to the text inside of the HTML website. Language, of course, is a language, HTML is the language that has the code and syntax, just like any other language. CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used for configuring the language on the webpage. When

Pt1420 Unit 2 Term Papers

The first versions of WWW ((what most people call “The Web”))) provide means for people around the world to exchange information between, to work together, to communicate, and to share documentation more efficiently. Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first browser (called WWW browser) and Web server in March 1991, allowing hypertext documents to be stored, fetched, and viewed. The Web can be seen as a tremendous document store where these documents (web pages) can be fetched by typing their address into a web browser. To do that, two im- portant techniques have been developed. First, a language called Hypertext Markup Languag (HTML) tells the computers how to display documents which contain texts, photos, sounds, visuals (video), and animation, interactive

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HTML is short for HyperText Markup Language. It is used in creating pages which are technically called as electronic documents that are displayed in World Wide Web. HTML code is used for writing almost every web page. It is responsible for the proper display of text, images or other media info over our web pages. Without HTML, web pages won’t display images and text is not displayed as they are intended to be.

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It is widely used to transmit arbitrarily structured data in mixed client/server environments. XML and HTML are compatible members of a family of markup languages called Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). HTML is an SGML language with a specific Document Object Model (DOM) focused on describing hypertext documents.

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Brampton the third largest city in the greater Toronto Area is a vibrant community, rich in diversity and culture. The rapidly growing population has attracted many new businesses in all parts of the city. Creating a new website is not a complicated process once you break it into its three main parts. Here's a short outline of what's required to get you going. Attractive, effective, affordable website design, we make sure you’re completely satisfied. Each project starts with a personal consultation to determine what best suits your business. Brampton website designers work to give you a style that reflects your business, personality and

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A range of software packages can be used .HTML (Hypertext Mark-up Language) files can be created in a web authoring package such as Dreamweaver. The html files created by this software will include CSS (Cascading Style Sheet) files that are used to enhance the visual appearance of the site. Other web authoring tools are graphic design packages such as Adobe Photoshop that can be used to design a skin for the user interface design. This skin can then be exported into a html and css combination that is used as the basis for the developing site.

Web Design Essay

• 4 Works Cited

Web Design is almost like an art. It is the design of information and services over the Internet. Luckily for businesses and customers the information and services provided are in done so through the World Wide Web (WWW). As I mentioned earlier Web design is a form of art, meaning that art and organization are needed to form customized Web pages to fit a particular business’ needs. Services for Web design can be accomplished in a variety of ways: professionally through a Web designer, created through hypertext mark-up language, JavaScript, Dreamweaver, and Microsoft FrontPage as well as other “What you see is what you get” {WYSIWYG) editors or languages.

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This educational website offers Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), Javascript, Structured Query Language (SQL), and tutorials for these subjects for the beginner as well as the experience. The website is organized by each course and offers interaction step by step labs to complete in order to move forward to the next chapter of the course. The left side of the web site provides an outline for each of the course from the introduction to the quiz, and reference for each subject. The W3schools website provides an explanation, demonstration, and application of each subject in order for the users to thoroughly comprehend and grasp the materials. The middle of the web site provides an explanation and example of each subject. After this, it provides the user with a green block with white letters stating “Try it yourself.” This is where the user applies interacts with the web site to conduct a hands on training. While conducting the labs on the W3schools website, users can check their work to find their mistakes in order to make corrections. How does the W3schools website provide this feedback? It shows the user where their mistakes are by the highlighted areas in their answers. Then, the user can make the necessary corrections to move forward to the next lab exercise. Then, the user can make the necessary corrections to be

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Web Development

Developing Web contents involves shaping and making many choices involving technical, aesthetic, and usability concerns. With the expanding technical options for communication on the World Wide Web, it is tempted to focus only on issues such as hypertext markup language (HTML) syntax, page layout, or the latest and flashiest technologies. However, there needs to be a broader approach in order to articulate the information content that is to be conveyed. There is also a need to pay attention to the characteristics and qualities of the Website as a medium for communication so that there are not merely duplicate practices intended for paper and other media.

W3 Consortium

A Document Object Model (DOM) is a API (application protocol interface) used in HTML and

Html And Http And Html Essay

HTML (HyperTex Markup Language) was originally released by Tim Berners­Lee and Robert Cailliau in May 1991 (Mowery and Simcoe, 2002). HTML is the language used to write and create a web page as it enabled authors to include multimedia documents such as sounds, pictures and videos in their web pages and it was a fulfilment of hypertext which allows people to include hypertexts in their documents. It enabled authors to link certain images or words to other documents and could directly led users to another web page. As a means to represent data on the page, HTML is the underlying system of Information management which not only defines what a web page looks like but also how it is broken into separate information segments. HTML page

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Is HTML a Programming Language? Essay

Introduction, why html cannot be called a programming language, why html can be called a programming language.

Behind the development of modern technology, there are simple things such as software which also has to be developed. HTML states for HyperText Markup Language and is mainly used for creating and designing electronic pages, which are, in fact, documents. Some people claim that HTML is not a programming language. At the same time, there is an opinion that HTML is suitable for programming and is not worse than any other language. Due to the controversy of points of view on this issue, both opinions are discussed below.

Concerning the point of view that HTML is not a programming language, many amateurs express their accordance with this opinion on the Internet. However, speaking of experts claim that HTML does not comply with specific criteria that evaluate the software. For example, Newmarch (2017) states that HTML is a simple language and can “be edited by hand,” leading to the incorrectness of many documents (p. 189). Hence, many pages do not “follow the syntax of the language,” creating a wide variety of “illegal documents” (Newmarch, 2017, p. 189). Such inaccuracy with the rules contradicts the common perception of using a programming language.

The second argument is related to the capacity of HTML as an instrument of programming. There is an issue that distinguishes HTML from other programming languages and complexifies its use. Newmarch (2017) reckons that the main feature of programming languages is that they can process data and make decisions based on it. HTML is not suitable for operations connected with making decisions – it cannot provide an opportunity for alphabetical sorting of the text or similar ones.

The final and the most potent argument considers the potential of HTML. Reprintsev (2018) reckons that it is essential for a programming language to be Turing complete. This means that “your model of computations can execute any algorithm no matter how complex it is… and how much storage or time would be needed to evaluate it” (Reprintsev, 2018, p. 235). Therefore, being Turing complete means being reliable and relevant for a programming language. HTML is not Turing complete, so it cannot be called fully effective.

On the other hand, there are people whose opinion is for HTML to be considered a programming language. Firstly, they claim that HTML has the structural features of a language, such as a syntax and semantics. Leinonen et al. state that “when learning to program, students learn the syntax of a programming language, the semantics underlying the syntax, and practice” (2019, p. 1). Thus, these essential parts are fundamental for software, and any language that has them can be called a programming language.

Secondly, HTML can be concerned as a programming language based on a definition of a programming language. Ernst (2017) claims that a programming language or software is “a sequence of instructions that perform some task” (p. 1). This definition is commonly assumed to be confirmed by the programming community Ernst reckons (2017). Therefore, HTML suits the requirements and can easily be perceived as software because it provides declarative instructions to a computer.

Thirdly, HTML can be referred to as a programming language because it is a markup language, which is reflected in its name. Being a markup language means providing opportunities related to designing and creating documents (or web pages), which is a significant part of a whole programming process (Turner, 2018). Consequently, HTML can be considered a programming language because it contributes to the programming process by performing essential tasks.

Overall, the opinions on the compliance of HTML to programming languages vary drastically. Although both sides provide relevant arguments supporting their points of view, there does not seem to be a logical solution to this issue. However, HTML is widely used; its functionality suits the particular needs of the programmers, and websites created with the help of HTML account for the majority of pages on the Internet. Hence, its practical use is more substantial and compelling than theoretical classification.

Ernst, M. D. (2017). Natural language is a programming language: Applying natural language processing to software development. Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics, 4, 1–14. Web.

Newmarch, J. (2017). Network programming with Go . Apress Media. Web.

Reprintsev, A. (2018). Oracle SQL revealed . Apress Media. Web.

Turner, R. (2018). The design of programming languages. Computational Artifacts , 161–167. Web.

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Is HTML a Programming Language? Essay

1. introduction.

This article attempts to provide a wide picture of the disputing issues about the HTML status as a programming language. The need to understand the true nature of HTML will be discussed, the boundaries between HTML and programming languages will be explored, a personal definition of the former will be stated, prejudices that condition the opinions will be surpassed, and successful examples of unspecified definitions will be shown. This paper deals with the issue of the true nature of HTML, and I aim to answer its title. The common opinion is a flat no because it is not allowed to perform iterations, nor implement variables, as it should be if this data is assumed. However, a deep reflection is needed before answering this question. The main reason to deal with this issue is that nobody can understand a technology without understanding its true nature. In this case, the inability to answer this question undermines the description of HTML where its potentialities are assumed. The fact that very famous professionals from the informatics area argue that HTML is not a programming language is hard to accept if the term which describes its true nature has not been defined before.

2. Arguments for HTML as a Programming Language

There are a few ways to think of what a programming language is. A programming language is a way to describe computations or a way to perform computations. We can look at it from the perspective of what we mean by a computation, or we can define a programming language as a set of formal rules for creating computer programs. In the first case, a programming language manipulates the physical operations, and in the second case, a programming language manipulates symbols. Within a specific range of computing languages, there is the set of markup languages, which are languages that use a set of code annotations that are mixed among the textual data of the document in question in order to define elements and attributes of the information structure and the way to present it. HTML has a way to define meta-information through tokens in the tag that contains the property attribute with possible values and the content attribute. A programming language typically contains and illustrates an ordered sequence of operations to solve a problem, and HTML provides that sequencing—particularly when combined with CSS, JavaScript, and SVG. HTML has classes that can generate the entire site with its structure and content. Therefore, HTML is a markup language that can easily generate web pages. In addition, HTML is a widely known language used across the four corners of the earth, for developers and non-developers. HTML is a standard worldwide. The recommendation is that more items like PageDown, that acts in the opposite direction, generating HTML from comments and metadata, with Markdown, before rendered to the user, only as an example, should encourage that HTML is used as a programming language, not just a markup language. In the case of HTML, it must be noticed that HTML and JavaScript are the two fundamentals of web applications.

2.1. Point 1: Syntax and Structure

My friend asked me to tell him what HTML is. I told him that HTML is a programming language, and he started laughing, trying to be a clever guy and correct me: Hey, HTML is not a programming language, it's a markup language. Why bother to ask? He was not clever, and he was not right, but for sure, both of us knew that we are talking about HTML. So, this situation made me think of an article where I explain the reasons that make me think that HTML is a programming language. In a programming language, syntax is important. It tells you which words you can use, in which order you can put them, and in which quantity and form. A word having a different meaning, if it is not a strictly forbidden one, it will be accepted. Sometimes, the words can be accepted by the program even if they don't form a valid sentence and have a meaning. The same way with HTML, most elements can have closing and opening tags, but there are elements like line break or picture that don't have closing tags. So, the order of symbols is direct and important. More complex elements can have a lot of closing tag pairs of similar meaning, being different if they refer to the parent element or if being directed to the child or even grandchild element.

2.2. Point 2: Dynamic Content

Websites are a blast if you can interact with them. You don't want to just sit and watch. Websites with dynamic content invite us to take part, but how to do it...? Actually, there are not so many ways. Here's an example of how dynamic content works. Each time you load this site, the greeting changes. And what's not dynamic about this content? With every successful comment, the number of posted comments on this page increases, as well as the total number of comments on the site. When someone posts a comment, the site calculates how long ago it was done and, depending on the result, prints messages like "A minute ago", "Five minutes ago", "An hour ago", and so on. Actually, dynamic content can be considered absolutely anything that "lives" on a page and obeys one or many rules of conversion, responding to a user's actions. Scripts appearing directly in the HTML solve the problem in case of simple algorithms, like form validation before it gets submitted to the server, for example. Modern websites contain JavaScript code that has become an integral part. If we are talking about dynamic pages that change with the help of button clicks and other forms of user interaction, AJAX, a single page application, speak the terminology of applications generating content on the client side, we primarily think that JavaScript works with all sorts of forms. And only then about some other things like validation, reading, control or animations. Other scripts, active on the client, support JavaScript or even completely replace it. Although for the moment, discussions regarding the differences between JavaScript and some of these languages are being held. We'll talk about this in the next section on the essence of web programming.

3. Arguments against HTML as a Programming Language

The primary function of HTML is to mark up information so that the computer can present it visually in an organized, structured, and readable manner. The primary concern of all of HTML for the web or DoD document coding guidelines is readability and usability. This readability is then translated by the browser into a presentation that allows the reader to access the information in a readable and organized manner. Thus, the key to HTML is appearance, but an ordered and structured appearance. It is appearance 'enough.' 'Good' appearance is maintained by the presentation layer, not by the HTML code. If HTML is to define what a document is and the document structure, then we must be able to distinguish the importance and content in a document via the HTML tags. Another way to approach the identification of HTML is by pointing out its 'negatives.' What is not in it that is in other functional languages? There is no conditional logic in the display of HTML. There is no decision-making process, or 'chaining' as some software documentation may refer to it. It does have structures, but not structures that, when accessed, prompt the computer to provide other structures. There are no 'if/then' or 'case/switch' type conditions, or Stack Overflow's "curly braces." There is no functionality that requires the user to decide between and betoken the immediate outcomes of various possible procedures. A primary construct of most programming and practical markup languages is missing from HTML.

3.1. Point 1: Lack of Computation

A first reason that HTML cannot be a programming language is that HTML cannot perform computation. The representation of text or a document does not constitute computation. And so, even more than lacking the capability to perform excessively simple tasks like adding numbers together for a particular answer, as explained in the next point, HTML is not capable of generating series of computations resulting in a solution of the kind that is the very definition of a programming language. But even just considering standard input and output in terms of being capable of mathematical equations and basic math applied to them, HTML is inadequate for it. This is seen in the following example. By understanding accepted math and programming terminology, HTML is irrevocably not a programming language. The argument follows the typical trap. HTML falls short for lack of computation. The condition is derived directly from the definition of a programming language, the purpose of which is to perform computation. Additionally, that HTML is not a programming language is confirmed by the definition of HTML itself. Depending on how broad or strict in analysis, a number of problems arise with information on additional or related subject areas, which may include a transition to newfound extreme viewpoints. Appropriate interpretation is generally required to recover the philosophy of understanding.

3.2. Point 2: Limited Control Flow

One of the biggest limitations comes down to the control flow, that is, how we can guide the work of our program, defining, for example, how a condition should affect the state of the program-issued commands. With HTML, we can only really implement very basic logic, such as a condition that causes a fragment of markup to be included in the web page or not: a hyperlink, a paragraph or text style (for example, aligned to the right or left of the screen). It is worth mentioning that HTML has some new elements, used only for navigation contexts and designed to allow a greater range of conditions to be represented, which are the and elements, considered in the section that introduces the conditional element syntactic component. With more complex logic, including loops, the user can resort to JavaScript or to similar technologies, as they allow more elaborate operations - as happens with programming languages, since they have tools for selecting commands and repetition, and this is perhaps the clearest reason behind using JavaScript over HTML. However, a brief search on the Internet reveals that HTML is even characterized as a programming language by many people and, for us, this fits in an interpretation of logic in a more general sense (and not as in "programming logic") of issues, basically like concepts behind programming languages. This is a very interesting move to make, inherited from the fact that nowadays we use HTML, CSS and JavaScript together to visually and functionally organize some problems.

3.3. Point 3: No Data Manipulation

First of all, because we don't manipulate any data. Having variables and loops doesn't mean we're manipulating data. Code is there to calculate something. But creating a transformation based on two variables is still creating a value based on two variables (just like mathematical functions), it is not manipulating data. And some have already started to agree here, saying that with JavaScript we can do that. Except that when we say that a programming language manipulates data, we are saying that it makes CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations in a database. We are talking about text manipulation. We're talking about filling in forms, reading them, and saving data in databases. We are talking about manipulating files (reading from files, writing in files). But HTML can't fetch data, only JavaScript can. It does not process a form; only JavaScript does. It doesn't read files; only JavaScript does. It doesn't write to files; only JavaScript does. It only writes content that was self-created, that is, from JavaScript. In other words, everything that was self-created by the developer is active in that project. So the form that validates itself is made by JavaScript; the feature of entering user data is made by JavaScript; the interface to write to a file is made by JavaScript. A data validator, user input handler, file archive writer, variables, loops, all made from JavaScript. In JavaScript, you even use variables with quotes here and there that indicate their basic types: who is text and who is a number. If it's done with HTML, your project is a form. So no, there's not even data manipulation because for that, we need to write JavaScript.

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Introduction to HTML

HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It is the most basic language, and simple to learn and modify. It is a combination of both hypertext and markup language. It contains the elements that can change/develop a web page’s look and the displayed contents. Or we can say that HTML creates or defines the structure of web pages. We can create websites using HTML which can be viewed on internet-connected devices like laptops, android mobile phones, etc. It was created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991. The first version of HTML is HTML 2.0 which was published in 1999, and the latest version is HTML 5. We can save HTML files with an extension .html.

What is Hypertext?

Text that is not restricted to a sequential format and that includes links to other text is called Hypertext. The links can connect online pages inside a single or different website. 

What is Markup Language?

Markup Language is a language that is interpreted by the browser and it defines the elements within a document using “tags”. It is human-readable, which means that markup files use common words rather than the complicated syntax of programming languages. 

Why use HTML?

HTML is the first language you should learn if you want to go for web development. HTML is a markup language that loads fast &  is also light weighted. Whenever you use your browser to contact a server, you will receive a response in the form of HTML and CSS. Many tags are supported by HTML, making your web page more appealing and recognizable. HTML5 has recently incorporated new tags and elements to aid in the development of professional-looking web pages.

What are Tags and Elements in HTML?

HTML Tags: HTML tags are special keywords that specify how the data will be displayed or how to format the data by the web browsers. With tags, the web browser can make out in the document that: what is HTML content and what is the normal plain content (as tags are always written in angular brackets <>). Usually, the start of the tags is given by angular brackets <> and the end by angular brackets, and / that is </>.

HTML Element: The collection of start and end tags with the content inserted in between them is known as an HTML element.

Important HTML Tags:

• <!DOCTYPE html>: Defines the type of document. Here it defines that the document type is HTML.
• <html> </html>: It is the root element and all the other tags are contained in it. It determines the start and the end of the HTML document.
• <head> </head>: It contains metadata of the HTML document & is actually not displayed on the webpage. The heading starts with <head> and end with </head>.
• <title> </title>: It is used to create a title of the document and the title appears in the title bar at the top. At least one title appears in every document. The title portion of the document starts with <title> and ends with </title>, and in between, enter the text that you want as the title.
• <body> </body>: It contains the contents of the document to be displayed on the web page. The content may be an image, some text, some links, etc. This part represents the body of the web document, which often includes headings, text, and paragraphs.
• <p>: It is used for defining a paragraph.
• <br>: It is used for a single-line break.
• <img>: It is used for defining an image with a given source.
• <sup>: It is used for defining superscripted data.
• <b>: It is used for defining bold text.
• <sub>: It is used for defining subscripted data, etc.

Example 1: Save the following by MyGeeksHtml.html.

Example 2: In this example, we will use all the heading tags from <h1> to <h6>.

Features of HTML:

• It is easy to learn and easy to use.
• It is platform-independent.
• Images, videos, and audio can be added to a web page.
• Hypertext can be added to the text.
• It is a markup language.

Why learn HTML?

• It is a simple markup language. Its implementation is easy.
• It is used to create a website.
• Helps in developing fundamentals about web programming.
• Boost professional career.

Advantages:

• HTML is used to build websites.
• It is supported by all browsers.
• It can be integrated with other languages like CSS, JavaScript, etc.

Disadvantages:

• HTML can only create static web pages. For dynamic web pages, other languages have to be used.
• A large amount of code has to be written to create a simple web page.
• The security feature is not good.

How to create an HTML program?

To create an HTML document follow the given steps:

Step 1: Open the notepad.

Step 2: Write the HTML code as shown in the below image: 

Step 3: Save the document by clicking on the file (at the top) and selecting save as.

Step 4: Select the destination where you want to save the HTML document and give the name to the document and use the extension .html. Example: Geeks.html

Step 5: Click on Save.

Step 6: Your file will be saved with an icon on the web browser.

Step 7: Double click on the file to execute it.

You will save that the web page will open in the same browser whose icon was shown with the document name after saving it.

You will see a browser window popped up and the page shown will be:

Sample Questions:

Question 1. Compare <p> and <br> tags.

Solution: The <br> tag is used for single-line break whereas <p>is used to define a paragraph. Although the <br> tag inserts a line no extra space is added before the line whereas in <p> extra space is added before & after the text of the paragraph.

Question 2. What is an empty tag?

Solution: In HTML, the elements usually have start and end tags. But when we use only the start tag and not the end one, it is called an empty tag. Example : <br>. The empty tags cannot contain other tags within themselves.

Question 3. Which tag is used to add an image in the background?

Solution: In the <body> tag (After the <head> tag), you can add an attribute  background  to insert an image in the background as shown:

You have to give the source (full path)of the image here.

Question 4. Give the names of video formats supported by HTML5.

Solution: The names of video format supported by HTML5 are: ogg, webM, and mp4.

Question 5. How can you add the text : (x 1 ) 2 = 9 in the body of the HTML page?

Solution: Use the following HTML code:

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Review on The HTML

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Published: Oct 11, 2018

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What is HTML – Definition and Meaning of Hypertext Markup Language

HTML, or Hypertext Markup Language, is a markup language for the web that defines the structure of web pages.

It is one of the most basic building blocks of every website, so it's crucial to learn if you want to have a career in web development.

In this article, I will walk you through what HTML is about in detail, how it does things on web pages, and we'll also touch on a really cool part of HTML – Semantic HTML.

What is HTML?

To understand "HTML" from front to back, let's look at each word that makes up the abbreviation:

Hypertext : text (often with embeds such as images, too) that is organized in order to connect related items

Markup : a style guide for typesetting anything to be printed in hardcopy or soft copy format

Language : a language that a computer system understands and uses to interpret commands.

HTML determines the structure of web pages. This structure alone is not enough to make a web page look good and interactive. So you'll use assisted technologies such as CSS and JavaScript to make your HTML beautiful and add interactivity, respectively.

In this case, I like to break down the three technologies – HTML, CSS, and JavaScript – this way: they are like a human body.

• HTML is the skeleton,
• CSS is the skin,
• and JavaScript is the circulatory, digestive, and respiratory systems that brings the structure and the skin to life.

You can also look at HTML, CSS, and JavaScript this way: HTML is the structure of a house, CSS is the interior and exterior decor, and JavaScript is the electricity, water system, and many other functional features that make the house livable.

Since HTML defines the markup for a particular web page, you'll want the text, images, or other embeds to appear in certain ways.

For example, you might want some text to be big, other text to be small, and some to be bold, italic, or in bullet point form.

HTML has "tags" that let you get this done. So, there are tags to create headings, paragraphs, bolded words, italicized words, and more.

The image below describes the anatomy of an HTML tag:

HTML Elements

An element consists of the opening tag, a character, the content, and a closing tag. Some elements are empty – that is, they don't have a closing tag but instead have a source or link to content that you want to embed on the web page.

An example of an empty element is <img> , which you use to embed images on a web page.

HTML elements are often used interchangeably with tags, but there's a small difference between the two. An element is a combination of the opening and closing tag, and then the content between them.

I made another image to help you visualize the anatomy of an HTML element:

HTML Attributes

HTML tags also take what are called attributes. These attributes are placed in the opening tag and range from style and ids to classes. They take values, which convey more information about the element and help you do things such as styling and manipulation with JavaScript.

In the infographic below, the opening tag contains a class attribute with a value of “text” . This can be used to style the element or select it with JavaScript for interactivity.

Here's the anatomy of a basic HTML page:

Let's look at the important bits of code here:

<!Doctype html> : Specifies that we're using HTML5 in this code. Before the introduction of HTML5, you had to explicitly state which version of HTML you were coding in with the <!Doctype> tag. For example, HTML4.0, 3.2, and so on. But now we no longer need it. When “html” is written in the code, the browser automatically assumes that you are coding in HTML5.

<html></html> : the root, or top-level element of every HTML document. Every other element must be wrapped in it.

<head></head> : one of the most crucial parts of the HTML document. Web crawlers look inside the head tags to get important information about the page. It contains info such as the page title, stylesheets, meta information for SEO, and lots more.

<meta /> : this is an empty element that conveys meta-information about the page. Such information may include the author, what type of encoding it's using (almost always UTF-8), responsiveness, compatibility, and a lot more. Web crawlers always look at the meta tag to get information about the web page, which will play a crucial role in SEO.

<title></title> : this defines the title of the web page. It is always shown in the browser tab.

<body></body> : all the content of the HTML document is located inside the body tag. There can only be one <body> tag on the whole page.

What is Semantic HTML?

Semantic HTML means that your HTML tags convey the actual meaning of what they are used for.

Semantics has been an integral part of HTML since its inception in the early 90s. But it never gained particular relevance until the late 90s when CSS started working in most browsers.

With semantic HTML, semantically-neutral tags such as <div> and <span> are frowned upon since semantically more descriptive tags such as <header> , <nav> , <main> , <section> , <footer> and <article> can do the same thing they do.

A noticeable advantage of using semantic tags is that web crawlers are able to index the web page or website easily, improving SEO in return.

In addition, a website that uses semantics becomes more informative, adaptable, and accessible to those who use screen readers to access websites.

Important Semantic Tags and What they Do

Let's look at some of the most commonly used semantic HTML tags:

<header> : The <header> element defines the introductory section of a web page. It contains items such as the logo, navigation, theme switcher, and search bar.

<nav> : The <nav> element specifies the navigation items of the page such as home, contact, about, FAQs, and so on.

<main> : The <main> element is conventionally treated as the immediate descendant of the tag. It contains the main sections of the HTML document apart from <header> and <footer> . Ideally, there should be just one of these in the whole HTML document.

<section> : The <section> element defines a particular section of the web page. This may be the showcase section, about section, contact section, or others. You can use numerous sections in a single HTML document.

<article> : The <article> element represents a certain part of a web page that conveys some particular information. Such information could be a combination of text, images, videos, and embeds. Look at this element as a standalone blog post on a page containing excerpts about other blog posts.

<aside> : As the name implies, this represents a sidebar on a web page. It is usually a part of the web page that is not directly related to the main content.

<footer> : The <footer> element accommodates items such as quick links, copyright information, or any other data related to the entire website or web page.

Note that since semantic elements convey actual meaning and what some particular content actually does (such as nav for navigation, aside for a sidebar, and so on), these elements are not automatically positioned where they are supposed to be. You still have to do that with CSS.

A super simple semantic HTML document looks like this:

Here's what it looks like in the browser:

You can see that the content inside the <aside> tag isn't in the sidebar and the content inside the <nav> tag is not automatically available as the navigation bar. This is why you still have to make them look the way they are supposed to look with CSS.

I hope this article has helped you learn the basics of HTML and what it does. Now you can start to learn more advanced technologies such as CSS and JavaScript, and then start forming a solid career in web development.

Thanks a lot for reading and have a nice time.

I'm a software developer and tech writer focusing on frontend technologies

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